중년여성의 생활체육 참여에 따른 여가유형과 행복지수와의 관계 = Relationship of leisure type and happiness index according to participation in sport for all by middle-aged women

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Abstract

Relationship of leisure type and happiness index according to participation in sport for all by
middle-aged women


Ko, jee-woong
Department of Sport and Leisure Studies
Graduate School
Korea University

As a study about leisure type and happiness index of swimming amateurs for sport for all, this analyzed relationship of leisure type and happiness index according to participation in sport for all by middle aged women. To this end, a population were set with middle aged women who are participating in swimming among events of sport for all - the women live in Sejong city in 2013. Among them, 430 women were selected. The author conducted questionnaire survey. Survey sheets were collected immediately after being answered. Finally, 417 sheets were used for analysis - sheets showing no marking, double answering etc. were excluded. Collected sheets were analyzed using Windows SPSS Ver. 20.

1. Difference of leisure type according to participation in sport for all by middle aged women

First, Age, job, income level, and educational level according to characteristics of sociology of population for middle aged women participating in swimming among sport for all, and self-employed business which is a variable of leisure commitment were high in leisure commitment experience. For income level, the variable of leisure commitment experience was high in over 3 million Won. Accordingly, the higher the income of self-employed business siness group was leisure commitment experience was high.
Second, Among variables of leisure boredom, others including job were high in leisure boredom factor. In the factor to relieve leisure boredom, self-employed business was high. And for income level, leisure boredom factor among variables of leisure boredom was high in under 1,500 thousand Won. For educational level, the factor to relieve leisure boredom among leisure boredom variables was high in group with academic background over graduate school. This means that the lower the income level was regardless of job, leisure boredom factor was high. In self-employed business, the higher the academic background was, the factor to relieve leisure boredom was higher.

Third, group with age over sixties among variables of leisure satisfaction was high in satisfaction factor of relaxation. For job, group of self-employed business showed high figures in relaxation, environmental, and psychological satisfaction. For income level, relaxation and psychological satisfaction factor among variables of leisure satisfaction were high in over 3 million Won. Environmental satisfaction factor was high in less than 2,500~3,000 thousand Won. For educational level, environmental satisfaction factor was high in group over graduate school. Accordingly, relaxation satisfaction factor was high in group with age over sixties. Self-employed business group generally showed high satisfaction. The higher the income level and academic background were, relaxation, psychological, and environmental satisfaction factor were higher.
Fifth, Fourties among variables of happiness index showed high educational, capacity and potential factor. For job, government employees group showed high economic power, family relations, health, capacity and potential factor. For income level, economic power, family relations, self-satisfaction, capacity and potential factor were high in over 3 million Won. Health factor was high in less than 2,500∼3,000 thousand Won. And for educational level, five factors except for health factor among variables of happiness index(economic power, educational, family relation, self-satisfaction, capacity and potential) were high in group with academic background over graduate school.

2. Influences on leisure committment, leisure boredom, leisure satisfaction, and happiness index according to participation degree of middle aged women

First, It was found that participation frequency and strength which are participation factors for swimming of sport for all gave significant positive influences. That is, the higher the participation frequency for swimming of sport for all was and the stronger the participation strength was, leisure commitment was high.

Second, It was found that there was a negative relationship in participation strength and leisure boredom among participation factors for swimming of sport for all. Participation frequency showed positive relationship with feeling to relieve leisure boredom. That is, The lower the exercise time attended once a week was, leisure boredom was higher. This means that though number of participation was high, feeling to relieve leisure boredom each participation could be high.

Third, There was a significant, positive influence in participation frequency and participation strength which are participation factors for swimming of sport for all. That is, the higher participation frequency for swimming of sport for all was and the stronger the participation strength was, leisure satisfaction was high.

Fourth, As a result of analyzing influences of participation degree in swimming of sport for all, economic power and family relation gave positive influences on participation strength and period. Economic power had negative relation with participation frequency. And health and self-satisfaction had positive relation with participation strength and frequency. Educational factor had positive relation with participation strength. But capacity and potential were not statistically significant. As it were, it seems that if exercise time attended once a week to swimming of sport for all is more and its career is long, economic power and family relation is large. The lower the number of exercise is, economic power was higher.

And if exercise time is long, health and self-satisfaction would be high. The higher the number of attendance to swimming is, a participant can feel self-satisfaction in contributing to maintaining and improving health.

Therefore, economic power, educational, family relation, health, self-satisfaction except for capacity and potential among variables of happiness index all affected happiness index.

3. Influences on leisure satisfaction and happiness index according to participation of middle aged women

For middle aged women who attend swimming among sport for all events, environmental and psychological factor which are sub-factors of leisure satisfaction gave positive influences on economic power among happiness index factors. Psychological factor which is sub-factor of leisure satisfaction gave positive influences on educational factor of happiness index factor. Environmental factor which is sub-factor of leisure satisfaction gave positive influences on health of happiness index factor. Relaxation and psychological factor among sub-factors of leisure satisfaction gave positive influences on self-satisfaction of happiness index factor. Psychological factor of sub-factors of leisure satisfaction gave positive influences on capacity and potential of happiness index factor. It is thought that thanks to articipation in such sport for all activity, leisure satisfaction becomes high, happiness index increases, and then, quality of life improves. In conclusion, participation in swimming effectively relieves stress, tension, and conflicts that come from social life for modern people so that this contributes to opportunity of refreshing for preparing better life, qualitative improvement of life, self-realization and pursuit of happiness, and maintaining and improving health. Thus, this has great meaning and role.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• ABSTRACT Ⅵ
• I. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 5
• 3. 연구의 가설 5
• 4. 연구의 제한점 6
• II. 이론적 배경 7
• 1. 중년여성의 건강(삶) 7
• 1) 중년여성의 정의 7
• 2) 중년여성의 특성 9
• 3) 중년여성의 삶의 질 13
• 2. 생활체육 15
• 1) 생활체육 정의 및 특성 15
• 2) 여성스포츠 17
• 3) 생활체육 참여 정도 18
• 3. 여가의 유형 19
• 1) 여가의 개념 19
• 2) 여가몰입의 의의 21
• 3) 여가권태의 개념 21
• 4) 여가만족의 개념 23
• 4. 행복지수 26
• 1) 행복지수의 개념 26
• 2) 행복지수의 정의 27
• 3) 행복지수의 요인 28
• 5. 선행연구 고찰 33
• III. 연구방법 38
• 1. 연구대상 38
• 2. 조사도구 39
• 3. 조사도구의 타당도 및 신뢰도 40
• 4. 자료처리 방법 44
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 45
• 1. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 여가몰입의 차이 45
• 2. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 여가권태의 차이 49
• 3. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 여가만족의 차이 53
• 4. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 행복지수의 차이 57
• 5. 생활체육 참여정도와 여가몰입 61
• 6. 생활체육 참여정도와 여가권태 62
• 7. 생활체육 참여정도와 여가만족 63
• 8. 생활체육 참여정도와 행복지수 65
• 9. 생활체육 참여자에 따른 여가만족과 행복지수 67
• Ⅴ. 논 의 69
• 1. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 여가몰입의 차이 69
• 2. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 여가권태의 차이 70
• 3. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 여가만족의 차이 71
• 4. 연구대상의 특성에 따른 행복지수의 차이 72
• 5. 생활체육 참여정도에 따른 여가관계 73
• 1) 여가몰입 73
• 3) 여가권태 73
• 4) 여가만족 74
• 6. 생활체육 참여정도에 따른 행복지수 관계 76
• 7. 생활체육 참여자에 여가만족과 행복지수 78
• Ⅵ. 결 론 79
• Ⅶ. 제 언 82
• 참고문헌 83
• 부 록 94