After the industrial society, the importance of the service industry has been being increased continuously and these service companies are trying to develop the relation between the service provider and the customer for the improvement of service qual...
After the industrial society, the importance of the service industry has been being increased continuously and these service companies are trying to develop the relation between the service provider and the customer for the improvement of service quality. This is because, by preventing the breakaway of customer and offering the service which customer wants, it could continue the relation with the customer to enhance the solidarity and as a result of that, could secure the loyal customer.
Rapport could be explained as a pleasant relation through the interaction between the service provider and the customer and could be seen as a very important factor for hotel business which service is carried out at the point of contact with customer.
Moreover, employees who work in the service business like hotel are asked to express the positive emotion like pleasure or joy or politeness and they are carrying out the emotional labor that is carrying out the emotional expression as the part of work. This emotional labor, as causing the mismatch of emotion by carrying out the way of normalized emotional expression which the organization requires, becomes to affect the job stress and the psychological stability negatively.
Meanwhile, as the organizational citizenship behavior is the voluntary behavior which is not defined concretely by formal reward system of organization and the personal behavior of member which contributes to the effective management of organization, it could be regarded as a very important factor which affects the hotel business in which has a high level of dependence on the human resources and the service quality based on the human resources acts as a important element for the evaluation of customer.
However, in light of the characteristic of hotel employee who is offering the service at the point of contact with customer and is carrying out the formation of relationship and the positive emotional expression as the parts of work and the characteristic of hotel business which has a high level of dependence on the characteristic of hotel employee and the human resources, even if being able to know the importance of the rapport, the emotional work and the organizational citizenship behavior, the study about the impact relation between each variable is a very inadequate state.
According to this, this study intended to investigate the influence that rapport of hotel employee has an effect on the emotional labor and organizational citizenship behavior. the study is carried out with viewing the lower dimension of rapport as two types of pleasant relation and personal fellowship and the lower dimension of the emotional labor as two types of the behavior of inner side and the behavior of the exterior and the lower dimension of organizational citizenship behavior as 5 types of altruism, courteous behavior, sportsmanship, conscientious behavior and civic consciousness.
It drew the hypothesis through the study of literature to achieve the object of this study and the sample of study targeted employees who are working at the first-class hotel and the second-class hotel which are located in the country. Moreover, total 300 copies of questionnaire were distributed and 281 copies were collected and the analysis was carried out using 273 copies ultimately. It verified the reliability and the validity on the basis of questionnaires which were collected and contrary to the preceding study as a result of verifying the validity of organizational citizenship behavior, it was divided into three factors of altruism and courteous behavior, sportsmanship, conscientious behavior and civic consciousness. On the basis of this, it verified the hypothesis by using multiple regression analysis and the following results of study were drawn as a result of the empirical analysis.
Firstly, as a result of verifying the impact relation between the rapport and the emotional labor, it appeared that the higher the formation of the pleasant relation and the personal fellowship which were the composition factors, the higher the behavior of inner side and especially, it appeared that the pleasant relation had an more considerable effect on the behavior of inner side. Furthermore, as a result of verifying the impact relation which rapport affected the behavior of exterior, it appeared that the higher the formation of personal fellowship among the composition factor of rapport, also the higher the behavior of exterior and it appeared that the pleasant relation not had a meaningful influence on the behavior of exterior statistically.
Secondly, as a result of verifying the impact relation between emotional labor and organizational citizenship behavior, it appeared that the higher the behavior of inner side and the behavior of exterior of lower dimension of the emotional labor, the higher the altruism and the courteous behavior and it appeared that the behavior of inner side had a bigger influence than the behavior of exterior. Moreover, it appeared that the higher the behavior of inner side and the behavior of exterior they got, the higher the courteous behavior and civic consciousness and similarly, it appeared that the behavior of inner side had a bigger influence that the behavior of exterior. And it appeared that the higher the behavior of exterior it got, the lower the sportsmanship and it appeared that the behavior of inner side had not a meaningful influence on the sportsmanship statistically.
In conclusion, the hotels in which there are considerable personal interactions will have to have profound interests in the rapport, the emotional labor and the organizational citizenship behavior and manage the formation of rapport with customer, the emotional labor and the organizational citizenship behavior by using the systematic and scientific way.