Oh Chi-Ho (1906-1982) has been considered the most Korean Impressionist painter of Korea's modern and contemporary art history. Oh learned Impressionism from 1926 through 1931 at Tokyo University of the Arts, and is known to have adhered to Impression...
Oh Chi-Ho (1906-1982) has been considered the most Korean Impressionist painter of Korea's modern and contemporary art history. Oh learned Impressionism from 1926 through 1931 at Tokyo University of the Arts, and is known to have adhered to Impressionism through 1982. The writer has discovered, while examining changes by each period of Oh Chi-Ho's paintings, that the Namhyangjip (South-Facing House), attributed to have been completed in 1939, is peculiar compared with the artist's other works of the same period. Upon a closer review of the signature, iconographical characteristics, expressive techniques and related anecdotes, etc. of the Namhyangjip, a problem with the previous chronological dating of the piece has been discovered; and the Namhyangjip became widely known in 1972, considerably later than expected, also. The writer further realized that an analysis of the Namhyangjip, the piece which Oh Chi-Ho is most widely acclaimed for, and a review of its date of creation, as well as research on Oh's world of painting in general, are needed.
A review of the date of creation for the Namhyangjip was a reassessment of the period Oh Chi-Ho had been referred to as an Impressionist painter. The Namhyangjip, known as a piece completed in 1939, had been considered a typical piece by Oh, who has absorbed Impressionist painting before the liberation of Korea, and has achieved Korea's Impressionism. the Namhyangjip was a piece by which to connect the aesthetic sensibilities of the Chosun dynasty to a nature bright and teeming with life, and was in concurrence with Oh's theory of Chosun's clear nature, which the artist announced immediately following the liberation.
However, although Oh Chi-Ho had accepted the subject matter, composition and brush strokes of French Impressionism before the liberation to paint Korea's nature with bright light and colors, it would be difficult to conclude that Oh had personally absorbed Impressionism with the exception of the Namhyangjip. Also, Oh combined Buddhist painting with Western painting within the devastated reality following the Korean War, and the artist's canvases had become darker while revealing a sense of his era with metaphorical representations of the artist's own internal world, following his jail sentence in the early 1960s. Following the mid-1960s, when the artist had recovered stability after his jailment ended, Oh finally revolved toward Impressionism, combining Impressionistic painting techniques with traditional painting, and only around the mid-1970s did he achieve the artistic status of "Korea's Impressionist."
It is certain, by circumstances, that the Namhyangjip was not created in 1939. It appears that Oh Chi-Ho painted the Namhyangjip upon his return to his hometown of Gwangju, around 1947, but that the painting was damaged. It is presumed that the Namhyangjip was re-painted by Oh in the mid-to-late-1960s, when the artist had recurred to Impressionism and began establishing it in digested form. the Namhyangjip is known as a piece both typical of Oh Chi-Ho's paintings and one which reveals the process of Korea's adoption of Impressionism in the 1930s in Korean modern and contemporary art history. Therefore, if the Namhyangjip is to Korea's modern, contemporary art a major work of Impressionism, the period in which Korea's Impressionism was established must be revised to the mid-to-late-1960s.