자연친화적 활동에 기초한 CoRT 사고력 훈련이 유아의 창의성 및 자연친화적태도에 미치는 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT

Impact of CoRT Thinking Training by Nature-Friendly Activities on the Creativity and Nature-Friendly Attitude of Preschoolers

Kim Che-hui
Major in Early Childhood Education
Graduate School of Education
Pukyong National University

The purpose of this study was to develop a program geared toward fostering the creativity and nature-friendly attitude of preschoolers based on De Bono's CoRT thinking training constituted by nature-friendly activities and to examine its impact on the creativity and nature-friendly attitude of preschoolers. Two research questions were posed:
1. What influence does CoRT thinking training constituted by nature- friendly activities exert on the creativity of preschoolers?
2. What influence does CoRT thinking training constituted by nature- friendly activities exert on the nature-friendly attitude of preschoolers?
The subjects in this study were 50 preschoolers at two different kindergartens in the city of Busan. The kindergartens were located in middle-class regions whose educational environments were similar. 25 preschoolers from C kindergarten were selected as an experimental group, and 25 preschoolers from E kindergarten were selected as a control group.
The instrument used to evaluate the creativity of the preschoolers was Kim Young-chae(2010)'s Korean standardized creativity test, which was a Korean version of the 2010 revised version of Torrance Test of Creative Thinking: Thinking Creatively with Pictures, Form A and B. The instrument used to assess the nature-friendly attitude of the preschoolers was Heo Yoon-jeong(2001)'s 18 items that were prepared by adapting and modifying Musser & Diamond(1999)'s CATES-PV(the Children's Attitudes toward the Environment Scale-Preschool Version). This instrument largely dealt with two different elements: environmental preservation attitude and nature-friendly attitude.
De Bono's CoRT 1 program was conducted 20 times from November 21, 2011, to January 27, 2012, which consisted of nature-friendly activities involving walking, vegetable gardening, moderation/saving activities, activities about customs for different occasions and outdoor play.
As for data analysis, ANCOVA was utilized to determine the influence of the CoRT program constituted by nature-friendly activities on the creativity and nature-friendly attitude of the preschoolers.
The findings of the study were as follows:
First, the experimental group that participated in the CoRT program constituted by nature-friendly activities was found to be more positively affected in terms of the improvement of creativity when the group was compared with the control group that didn't. Among the subfactors of creativity, there were significant differences in abstractness of titles, elaboration and resistance to premature closure, but no significant differences were found in fluency and originality.
Second, the experimental group that participated in the CoRT program constituted by nature-friendly activities took a significantly better nature-friendly attitude than the control group that engaged in typical activities according to the monthly plan of the kindergarten curriculum.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Abstract
• Ⅰ. 서론 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 의의 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥1
• 2. 연구 문제 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥8
• 3. 용어의 정의 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥8
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥10
• 1. 창의성‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥10
• 2. de Bono의 사고이론 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥15
• 3. 자연친화적 활동과 유아 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 21
• 4. 자연친화적 태도 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥23
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥26
• 1. 연구 대상 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 26
• 2. 연구 도구 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 26
• 3. 연구 절차 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 34
• 4. 자료 분석 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 44
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥45
• 1. 자연친화적 활동을 기초한 CoRT 사고력 훈련이 유아의 창의성 증진에 미치는 영향 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥45
• 2. 자연친화적 활동을 기초한 CoRT 사고력 훈련이 유아의 자연친화적 태도 증진에 미치는 영향‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥48
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 51
• 1. 논의 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 51
• 2. 결론 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 55
• 참고문헌‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥57
• 부 록‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥65
• 표 목차
• <표 1> 연구대상 유아의 성별 분포 및 평균연령‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 28
• <표 2> TTCT 도형 검사의 구성‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 28
• <표 3> 유아의 자연친화적 태도 검사내용과 신뢰도 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 33
• <표 4> 산책 활동 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 35
• <표 5> 텃밭 활동 명 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 35
• <표 6> 바깥 활동 명 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 36
• <표 7> 절제․절약 활동 명 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 37
• <표 8> 세시풍속 활동명 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 38
• <표 9> 자연친화적 활동에 기초한 CoRT 프로그램 내용 ‥‥‥‥‥‥39
• <표 10> 실험집단의 활동 계획‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 42
• <표 11> 유아의 창의성 평균과 편차 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 45
• <표 12> 유아의 창의성 공분산분석 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 46
• <표 13> 유아의 자연친화적 태도 평균과 편차 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 48
• <표 14> 유아의 자연 친화적 태도 공분산분석 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥49