귀농.귀촌 가구의 이주.정착 특성과 지원방안에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With a rapid immigration to the cities, Korean rural community has been faced with a serious crisis caused by the decrease of the young workers since 1960s. Nowadays, however, many positive changes such as the sufficient farming labors, a better balance of rural population, and many other surroundings derived more and more people to return to the rural areas from the cities. This kind of returning trend constantly appear caused by the bad effect from the city lives pursuing a better wellbeing life along with the various policies of the central and local governments.
The discussion here is for the analysis of these circumstances based on the statistics of the returning to the country. Also some related surveys will show the difference between the past returning process in a farming situation and the present situation. Here are some suggestions to find a better way for Korean rural community based on the characteristics of returning people.

First, a small official fund of farming is needed. It can be made based on the investment of returnee and the low tax policies by the government. It can also help returnees with urgent small funds (under about 10 million won) by the way of gradual steps with a little interest so that it can help returning people to live very stable.

Second, farming education program and AS management system can be another way to help them. At the beginning of returning, they needed lots of information for a better and early settlement but now they are apt to fail easily under the present situation. All of the classified returning farmers’ programs and SNS should be supplied with qualified AS management systems.

Third, a special farm rental system can be another solution. Farm without an owner, some other available farms, some deserted land or government-owned farms could be supported under proper regulations (at least 5~7 years, long time rental system kind of) for these returning farmers stable adaptations.

Fourth, some regulations can be a good way that accepts limited people with some qualifications for the increase of working generations. It is about to support the new farmers qualified with the size of farming, whether educated or not, and a strong will for the farming so that they can be supported sufficiently and start a new stable settlement as farmers. And after that, they should be supported with all kinds of tax system and investment in case that they work for the development of the country and farms. These kinds of supporting system will definitely be so efficient.

This study examined overall circumstances of returning people from the cities based on the surveys. Based on the distinct results, I could assume the circumstances of returning workers but can't say that it can be definite general circumstances. But based on this discussion we can carry out more policies and supporting programs for the returning workers' better settlement.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 배경 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구의 범위 및 방법 4
• Ⅱ. 귀농귀촌에 대한 이론적 배경 5
• 1. 귀농과 귀촌의 개념 5
• 1) 귀농과 귀촌의 정의 5
• 2) 귀농귀촌의 유형 6
• 2. 도시민의 귀농귀촌에 관한 연구동향 7
• 1) 도시민의 귀농귀촌의 연도별 연구동향 7
• 2) 도시민의 귀농귀촌의 주제별 연구동향 10
• (1) 귀농귀촌 동기 및 유형 관련 연구 11
• (2) 귀농귀촌 정착과정 관련 연구 15
• (3) 귀농귀촌 실태 및 효과 관련 연구 18
• (4) 귀농귀촌의 은퇴자를 중심으로 한 관련 연구 19
• (5) 귀농귀촌이후 생활만족도 관련 연구 20
• (6) 귀농귀촌 영향 관련 연구 22
• (7) 귀농귀촌 지원방안 관련 연구 23
• 3) 시사점 및 본 연구의 차별성 24
• Ⅲ. 귀농귀촌 가구의 현황과 귀촌과정 26
• 1. 귀농귀촌 가구의 현황 및 특성 26
• 1) 귀농귀촌 가구의 현황 26
• 2) 귀농귀촌 가구의 시도별 분포 현황과 특성 28
• (1) 귀농귀촌 가구의 시도별 분포 현황 28
• (2) 귀농귀촌의 이동패턴 29
• 3) 귀농귀촌 가구의 특성 34
• (1) 귀농귀촌 가구의 연령별 특성 34
• (2) 귀농귀촌 가구의 가구구성 38
• (3) 귀농자의 영농 현황 41
• 2. 귀농귀촌 가구의 귀촌과정 44
• 1) 귀촌정보 44
• 2) 귀촌교육 50
• 3) 귀촌자금 57
• 4) 귀촌에 따른 갈등 59
• 5) 갈등해결 방법 62
• Ⅳ. 귀농귀촌 가구의 영농실태 65
• 1. 설문대상자 귀촌 가구주의 특성 65
• 1) 인구학적 특성 65
• 2) 사회학적 특성 66
• 3) 경제학적 특성 69
• 2. 귀촌적응과정 및 영농실태 70
• 1) 귀촌동기 및 영농정착과정 70
• 2) 영농기술교육 실태 75
• 3) 영농실태 80
• Ⅴ. 귀촌 지원방안 90
• 1. 교육지원방안 90
• 2. 정보지원방안 96
• 3. 컨설팅지원방안 100
• 4. 재정지원방안 103
• 5. 제도지원방안 106
• Ⅵ. 결론 115
• 참고문헌 121
• 영문초록 126
• 부록 129