산림공간유형에 따른 산림치유 효과에 관한 연구 = Study on tje Effects of Forest Healing according to Types of Recreational Forest

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study aimed at identifying whether forest healing effect would be different depending on the type of forest space, that is, forest quality. For this, the first experiment on forest healing effect was carried out with natural recreation forests and city forests near suburban areas, and the second experiment was done at Jangseong White Cedar Forest, the high quality forest, and city-located Dosol Forest park, which is to compare with downtown areas as a control group in order to find a psychological effect of forest, as well as to suggest the direction of the application of forest space.

First, prior to the experiment on the forest healing effect, a survey was done with 396 people working in forest-related fields to investigate the perception toward forest healing. Given the result that 92.1% have been heard about it through mass media like TV, newspapers, books, etc., it is necessary of utilizing mass media to promote forest healing afterwards.

Also, most people viewed that forest healing is effective in increasing natural healing power of human body, and curing Atopy, a social major concern in these days, which would be healed through the methods of Phyton-cide, wood scent, negative ions, and so forth. 50.6% have experienced in visiting forests for forest healing, and healing activities were mostly done in forests including mountain climbing, trail walking, forest bathing, etc.

When it comes to the level of comprehension on the therapy of forest healing activities that is categorized as 6 types by experts, there is a modest level of understanding about the exercise therapy, psycho therapy, diet therapy, and plant therapy.

Most subjects were having an intention to revisit woods for forest healing, with choosing Sunday or holidays for the visiting date that would be suitable for refueling bodies and souls, and they answered that forest healing programs would be essential for woods of healing.

Putting these results together, people would do the forest healing on Sunday or holidays, carrying out the exercise therapy and psychotherapy such as mountain climbing, trail walking, and woods bathing. In order to satisfy the visit demands, a variety of forest healing programs should be developed.

In order to learn the effect of forest healing, we took the POMS measurement with 80 subjects, which showed the psychological effects of the subjects who were exposed to forests. The results suggested that enjoying forests for 15 minutes and walking through forests for 15 minutes significantly reduced psychological nervous, anxiety, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion, and raised vitality than staying in urban areas.

According to the results of the POMS measurement in natural recreation forests, urban forests, and urban areas, sudden anxiety and anger can be relieved in both of recreation forests and urban forests, but depression aroused by the accumulation of negative emotions can be relieved only in recreation forests. Therefore, the management goals of recreation forests should be set differently with those of urban forests.
It was revealed that staying in forest parks does not only restrict prompt feelings from being aroused, but also vitalize those who stay according to the POMS measurement in Jangseong White Cedar Forest, which brings the same effect when one stays in urban forests. However, the measured value of Jangseong White Cedar Forest was low although the quality of the forest was very high, and it is presumed that one felt stress from being tired to move a long distance because the forest is far. Therefore, we could see that forests close to a city are more effective to make urban residents control prompt feelings from being aroused.

The results of studying on the psychological effect of forests suggested that being exposed to forests increases positive emotions and is effective at relieving stress. In addition, according to the results of the POMS measurement, being exposed to forests even in a very short time reduced negative emotions and vitalized those who were exposed whereas being exposed to urban environment even in a very short time induced negative emotions. Hence, it is natural to think that urban forests where urban residents feel nature easily are invaluable. The results of the SD measurement of effects by the patterns of forest space suggested that forests are significantly positive than urban areas, and forests are positive because they are friendly, natural, and holly environments. In addition, in terms of the psychological difference by the spatial patterns in a short time, Jangseong White Cedar Forest and forests in suburban areas where the quality of forest is high are important for psychological stability, but forest parks and urban forests where urban residents enjoy easily also have great influence of gaining psychological stability.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <표 차례> ⅳ
• <그림 차례> ⅵ
• Abstract ⅶ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구배경 및 필요성 1
• 2. 연구목적 4
• 3. 연구과정 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 검토 6
• 1. 산림공간유형에 따른 개념 정의 6
• 가. 자연휴양림 6
• 나. 도시숲 6
• 다. 산림공원 8
• 2. 숲치유의 정의 9
• 3. 숲치유의 개념적 위치와 공간적 위치 11
• 가. 숲치유의 개념적 위치 11
• 나. 숲치유의 공간적 위치 12
• 4. 숲치유 관련 이론 14
• 가. Psycho-evolutionary Theory(PET) 14
• 나. 주의회복이론(Attention Restoration Theory; ART) 14
• 다. 바이오필리아 (Biophilia) 15
• Ⅲ. 연구사 17
• 1. 숲의 심리적 건강증진효과에 관한 연구 17
• 2. 도시숲에서의 치유효과에 관한 연구 19
• Ⅳ. 연구 방법 22
• 1. 산림치유에 관한 의식 조사 22
• 가. 연구 대상 22
• 나. 자료 수집 22
• 다. 설문지 구성 및 분석 23
• 2. 숲치유의 실험설계 24
• 가. 연구 대상지 24
• 나. 피험자 28
• 다. 측정지표 28
• 라. 실험순서 30
• 3. 연구 가설 32
• Ⅴ. 연구 결과 및 고찰 33
• 1. 산림치유에 관한 의식 태도 33
• 가. 인구통계학적 특성 및 일반적 특성 분석 33
• 나. 산림치유에 대한 인식 33
• 다. 산림치유 요법 37
• 라. 산림치유를 위한 방문특성 40
• 2. 경관감상 및 산책실험의 심리실험 결과 43
• 가. 자연휴양림, 도시숲 그리고 도심지에서의 심리 변화 43
• 나. 장성 편백림, 산림공원 그리고 도심지에서의 심리 변화 55
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 66
• 1. 결 론 66
• 2. 정책적 시사점 68
• 가. 법·제도적 측면 68
• 나. 실행 방안 69
• 인용문헌 72
• 부 록 1. 78
• 부 록 2. 81
• 부 록 3. 82