The purpose of this study is to examine factors to be influential in health care utilization of the middle aged and elderly who are over 45 years old. The device used for the study was the fourth welfare panel of 2009. Economic indicators which are an...
The purpose of this study is to examine factors to be influential in health care utilization of the middle aged and elderly who are over 45 years old. The device used for the study was the fourth welfare panel of 2009. Economic indicators which are an income level and an assets level categorized objects of the study into 'the non income asset poor, the income poor, the asset poor and the income and asset poor.' For an analysis was applied a two part model which shows the decision procedures of the health care utilization. In the first part, as the logistic regression analysis was being used, factors which would affect the outpatient service and the inpatient service. In the second part, the frequency of health care utilization was measured which was a continuous variable. Through the OLS regression analysis, factors to influence the frequency of outpatient service and the period of the inpatient service were analyzed.
According to the research results, the poor appeared to have a higher ratio of women than the non income and asset poor. Also, there found a high percentage of the unemployed, not economically active population, single-person household, spouseless population and population without civil insurance. The poor was generally reported that they are from low educational background and suffer from health disorders which are mainly chronic diseases. For the health care utilization, the poor turned out to be the most frequent users, which indicates how bad the health condition of the poor. In particular, since the income and asset poor live in inadequate socioeconomic surroundings which are rather exposed to the poverty, the general health condition of the concerned class is not hopeful with the highest frequency of the outpatient service and the inpatient service.
Second, the analysis results on the outpatient service of the middle aged and the elderly said that the outpatient service is performed through medical care needs such as the subjective health care and the chronic disease care. After the analysis on the inpatient service and the period of the inpatient service was conducted, it was discovered that the odds between the income poor and the asset poor have been significantly reduced. As the middle aged and elderly have to focus on the income reduction and the assets use, the result is signifying that this age group would suffer from an economic burden when it comes to using the inpatient service if they do not save enough income and assets.
Third, the results from the comparison of the middle aged between age 45 and age 64 and the elderly over age 65 said that for the elderly over the age 65 of the income poor and the income and asset poor, the inpatient service turned out to be significantly lower than that of the non income and asset poor. For the period of the inpatient service, the income poor presented a relatively shorter period than the non income and asset poor. The elderly is considered to use the health care utilization less because of the economic burden caused by a lack of senior life plan and retirement. In addition, the income poor would feel limited to access the health care utilization for a low frequency of the assets use.
In consideration of the research results, it was figured out that some middle aged with unstable income are vulnerable to the assets sufficiency. In order to work on the poverty problems, it is necessary to think about the assets which would be better at explaining financial stability of an individual or a household. Add to this, regarding the health care utilization, not only the social security system expansion focusing on the income of the income poor should be realized but also a support system for the asset poor should be established considering the assets retention level and liquidity. This way, the economically poor classes would be able to access a proper health care utilization which they have not used due to the inequality of the medical resources distribution.
This study expects to be used as an evidentiary material for a medical policy of the income poor and the asset poor, indicating that the medical policy establishing for the poor should be accompanied by the consideration of their income and the assets.