지역사회 사회적기업의 네트워크 구축방안에 관한 연구 : 경기도 부천시를 중심으로 = A Study for the Social Enterprises' Network Plan in the local Society

국문 초록 (Abstract)

초 록

지역사회 사회적기업의 네트워크 구축의 발전 모형에 관한 연구
(경기도 부천시를 중심으로)

신 흥 철

가천대학교 경영대학원 중소기업경영학과 컨설팅 전공
지도교수 조형래

사회적기업이 지속가능해야 한다는 의견에는 사회적으로 공감대가 형성되어 있으나, 사회적기업으로 직접적인 재정지원에는 한계가 있으며, 자칫 기업의 부실을 초래할 가능성까지 내포하고 있는바, 사회적기업에 대한 우호적인 사회분위기를 조성하거나 윤리적인 소비를 권장하여 사회적기업이 스스로 자립할 수 있는 환경을 만들어 내는 것이 바람직하다는 의견이 설득력을 얻고 있다.

본 연구에서는 경기도 부천시에 소재하고 있는 사회적기업과 네트워크의 선행연구를 토대로 하고, 연계를 맺고 싶은 지역자원의 필요 정도, 지역의 인적 물적 자원을 연계하기 위한 노력, 연계를 맺고 있는 기관과의 연계방식, 기업운영 및 성과와 관련된 지역자원정보의 확보 정도, 연계기관으로부터 지원받고 싶은 내용과 지원 내용 등을 분석하여 네트워크 구축의 발전 방향을 설정하였다.

선행연구에서의 문제점은 크게 세 가지로 구분되는데, 첫째, 공공기관을 비롯한 모든 이해당사자간의 소통이 원활치 못하며, 시민과 공공기관 종사자들의 의식전환이 필요하다는 것, 둘째, 사회적기업등에 대한 정책적 지원책이 미흡하다는 것, 셋째, 사회적기업 대부분의 경영성과가 부실하며 중간지원조직의 지원이 미흡하다는 것 등이다.


설문조사를 통하여 나타난 기업가의 욕구상황 중 가장 많은 비중을 차지하는 것은, 첫째, 공공기관으로부터의 재정지원과 제품구매, 둘째, 전문가단체의 경영자문과 교육훈련, 셋째, 사회적기업간의 공동사업 등으로 요약된다.

선행연구와 설문조사를 분석한 결과, 지역사회의 다양한 자원들과 상호연계를 활성화하고 시민사회의 다각적 참여를 조성하기 위한 네트워크 구축은 다음과 같은 방향으로 진행될 필요가 있다는 결론에 도달하였다.

첫째, 사회적기업을 둘러싸고 있는 모든 이해당사자들이 적극적으로 참여할 수 있는 소통의 장(場)이 마련되어야 한다. 둘째, 중간조직이 활성화되어야 하고, 사회적기업등의 기업가들은 이 중간조직의 활용을 극대화할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 사회적기업등 간의 연계이다. 넷째, 네트워크의 기본이라 할 수 있는 신뢰이다.

본 논문에서는 연구의 범위를 경기도 부천시로 제한하였고 사회적기업을 하나의 범주로 간주하여 분석하였는데, 보다 정교한 결과의 도출을 위해서는, 지역의 확대는 물론이고 조사의 대상인 기업들을 사회적기업이라는 하나의 틀 안에 놓고 볼 것이 아니라, 기업들의 유형과 업종 그리고 설립배경 등을 보다 세분화하여, 소그룹별로 구체적인 네트워크 구축방향을 설정해 볼 필요가 있으며, 이해관계가 서로 다른 사회적기업가들의 희망사항의 충족의 실현가능성과 당위성에 대한 검증 절차가 필요할 것이다.
ABSTRACT

A Study for the Social Enterprises'
Network Plan in the Local Society
- Focusing on Bucheon City -

Hung-Chul, Shin

Major in Management Consulting for Small & Medium Business
Graduate School of Gachon University

There is a social consensus about the opinion that social enterprises need to be sustainable. But considering that the financial support to social enterprises isn't sustainable and it might lead the social enterprises into a financial difficulty, it is more persuasive that producing an atmosphere favorable to social enterprises or creating an environment to help them preferably by encouraging ethical consumption.

Based on the previous studies for the social enterprises in Bucheon city and their networking status with organizations or bodies, the development direction of building the network is set and suggested in this study, after a conduction of a research to find out the entrepreneurs' needs for local resources to be networked, their efforts to get networked with human and material resources, way of networking, retainability of the relevant information on the local resources, and the contents that are currently supported and needs to be supported by the organizations and bodies.

Previous studies implied three issues; Firstly, communication among all of the stakeholders including government bodies needs to be harmonized and the paradigm of citizens and government officials on the social enterprises needs to be shifted, secondly, the supports to the social enterprises are not sufficient, thirdly, almost of the social enterprises are suffering from the poor performance in their business while supports from the intermediate organization are not properly afforded.

Three key factors that entrepreneurs need most are; Firstly, government bodies' support to the social enterprises such as direct financial support or purchasing their products, secondly, business consulting and education program from the intermediate organizations, thirdly, co-business between the social enterprises.

As a result of analyzing the previous studies and research, in order to vitalize the interconnection between various local resources and to encourage the citizen's participation, the study has reached four conclusions as follows; Firstly, a forum for communication needs to be arranged where all of the stakeholders participate actively, secondly, revitalization of the intermediate organization and maximizing its utilization, thirdly, business cooperation among the social enterprises, four

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 제 1 장 서론 ·································································· 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 ······························································· 1
• 1.2 연구의 목적 ······························································· 2
• 1.3 연구의 범위 ······························································· 3
• 제 2 장 이론적 고찰 ························································ 5
• 2.1 사회적기업의 정의 ······················································· 5
• 2.2 네트워크의 정의 ························································ 10
• 2.3. 사회적기업과 지역사회 ··············································· 22
• 2.4 사회적기업과 네트워크 ················································ 26
• 제 3 장 연구모형 ··························································· 30
• 3.1 문제제기 (부천지역 사회적기업 네트워크 현황) ·················· 30
• 3.2 분석기준 및 조사내용 ················································· 40
• 제 4 장 부천시와 사회적기업 자원연계 분석 ··················· 43
• 4.1 자료수집 및 표본특성 ················································· 43
• 4.2 연계를 맺고 싶은 지역자원의 필요정도 ···························· 44
• 4.3 지역의 인적 물적 자원을 연계하기 위한 노력 ···················· 46
• 4.4 연계를 맺고 있는 기관과의 연계방식 ······························· 47
• 4.5 기업운영 및 성과와 관련된 지역자원정보의 확보정도 ·········· 48
• 4.6 연계기관으로부터 지원 희망사항과 현재 지원내용 ·············· 49
• 제 5 장 결론 및 정책적 시사점 ······································ 53
• 5.1 연구결과의 요약 ························································ 53
• 5.2 연구의 한계 및 추후방향 ············································· 55
• 참고문헌 ········································································ 56
• 부록 ·············································································· 58
• 초록 ·············································································· 67