다문화가정 아동의 어휘발달 특성연구 : 어머니 모국어를 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 다문화가정과 비교가정아동들과의 어휘능력을 비교하여 다문화가정아동들의 어휘발달과 관련된 변인 중 연령과 어머니 모국어에 따른 차이를 살펴보았다. 지능이 정상범주인 다문화가정아동 중 필리핀가정아동과 일본가정아동 6세, 8세(n=42)와 연령을 맞춘 비교가정 아동(n=20)을 대상으로 어휘력을 측정하였다. 그 결과 어휘력에서 수용 및 표현어휘는 다문화가정아동과 비교가정아동 간에는 유의한 차이가 있었고 연령에 따른 차이는 비교가정아동들과 마찬가지로 다문화가정아동들도 연령이 증가함에 따라 어휘능력도 발달하고 있었다. 그리고 어머니 모국어에 따른 어휘력은 수용어휘에서 6세경에는 다문화가정아동과 비교가정아동 간에는 유의한 차이가 있었으나 8세경에는 일본가정과 비교가정아동 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 필리핀가정과 비교가정아동 간에는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 그리고 다문화가정 아동들 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 표현어휘에서는 6세경에는 다문화가정아동과 비교가정아동 간에 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 8세경에는 다문화가정아동과 비교가정아동 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 다문화가정 아동 간에는 6세경에는 1세정도 차이가 있었으며, 8세에서는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 다문화가정 아동들도 연령이 증가함에 따라 가정 외적인 환경의 영향으로 어휘발달이 비교가정아동과 유사해짐을 알 수 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background & Objectives: The number of multicultural families is on the rise, but with this comes the effect that the poor vocabulary of mothers from various countries is having on the language development of the children. Additionally, this limited vocabulary is affecting the development of vocabulary skill in language development of their children.
Methods: This study presents the comparison of the vocabulary skills of children from multicultural families with those of children from mono-culture families(the control group). Differences according to age, mother's native language, and other variables were examined. 62 children aged 6-8 were targeted from mono-culture families and multicultural families. The latter group was comprised of families including a Japanese mother and families including a Filipino mother. The children all displayed a normal level of performance intelligence. K-WISC-III, REVT(receptive & expressive vocabulary test) was used to measure the vocabulary skills of the participants.
Results: the results are summarized below.
First, in terms of receptive and expressive vocabulary of children in the multi-and mono-cultural groups, the skills of the children in the multicultural group were found to be significantly lower than those of children in the control mono-culture group.
A causative link between these results and limited vocabulary skills of their foreign mothers is inferred.
Second, children from multicultural families displayed significant improvements in their receptive and expressive vocabulary as their ages increased. This indicates that children from milticultural families closed the gap in vocabulary between themselves and the control group as they grew older, with the influence of variables outside their families (peers, schools, kindergarten) rather than internal variables.
Third, as a result of investigating vocabulary skills according to native language skills of mothers, significant differences were observed between children from milticultural families and the control group in terms of receptive vocabulary around the age of 6. Although within the mulicultural group there were no significant differences between children from the Filipino families and those from the Japanese families, in terms of expressive vocabulary differences did exist between both the multi- and mono-groups and within the multicultural group itself.
However, around the age of 8, there were no observable differences between the receptive vocabulary of the Japanese families and the control group, whereas differences were observed between the receptive vocabulary of these families and the Filipino families. There were, however, no differences within the multicultural group itself. In terms of expressive vocabulary, the three groups(control vs. Filipino vs. Japanese) no differences were observed. The lack of significant differences between the multi-and mono-cultural groups of 8 year and old children indicated that children from multicultural families closed the gap on children from the control group in terms of expressive vocabulary by around the age of 8, but the speed at which they did so in terms of receptive understanding varied according to the native language of their mothers.
Discussion & Conclusion: Thus far, these results partially correspond with those of a previous study that reported finding lower vocabulary skills in children of multicultural families than in mono-cultural families. This study predicted that children from multicultural families would close the gap between themselves and children from mono-culture families when they reached the pre-school and school age, at which point they are exposed to environments outside their homes. They also predicted differences in vocabulary skills according to the native languages of their mothers.
The results of this study showed that children from multicultural families showed differences in terms of both receptive and expressive vocabulary when compared with a control group of children from mono-culture families, and these differences endured until around the age of 6. In terms of expressive vocabulary, the children also displayed differences according to the native language spoken by their mothers at home. At around the age of 8, some of the children in the multicultural group has succeeded in closing the gap between their vocabulary and that of the control group, and differences were observed based on the native language of the mother. In addition, no differences in vocabulary skills according to the native language of the mother were observed.
Considering that children from multi- and mono- culture families showed no differences in expressive vocabulary, it was indicated that the vocabulary skills of children from multicultural families reached the same level as those of children from mono-culture families at around the age of 8.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구 목적 1
• 2. 연구 문제 5
• 3. 용어 정의 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 6
• 1. 어휘발달 특성 6
• 2. 다문화가정 아동의 언어 특성 7
• 2.1. 다문화가정 아동의 어휘특성 7
• 2.2. 어머니 모국어와 관련된 어휘특성 9
• 2.3. 다문화가정 아동의 언어특성과 관련된 변인 12
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 14
• 1. 연구 대상 14
• 1.1. 대상자 선정기준 14
• 1.2. 대상자 정보 15
• 2. 연구 도구 17
• 2.1. 선별 도구 17
• 2.2. 연구 도구 18
• 3. 연구절차 18
• 3.1. 자료 수집 18
• 3.2. 자료 분석 19
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 20
• 1. 다문화가정 아동과 단일가정 아동 집단 간 이해 및 표현어휘능력 20
• 2. 다문화가정 아동의 연령에 따른 이해 및 표현어휘능력 22
• 3. 다문화가정 아동의 어머니 모국어에 따른 이해 및 표현어휘능력 24
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 40
• 참고문헌 49
• A. 부록 56
• A.1. 설문지 56
• Abstract 60