중소기업 경영자의 창업경험이 기업성과에 미치는 영향 : 창업 실패율을 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 인적자본과 창업가적 학습이론에 근거하여 중소기업 경영자의 창업 실패율과 기업성과와의 관계를 검증하기 위해 설문과 재무신용등급을 중심으로 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 창업 실패경험을 보유한 경영자를 중심으로 연구한 결과, 첫째, 창업 실패율은 재무적 성과 및 비재무적 성과와 역U자형의 관계를 보였다. 둘째, 창업 실패율과 기회추구는 예측과 달리 U자형의 관계를 보였다. 셋째, 창업 실패율과 재무신용등급은 부정적인 관계를 보였다. 연구결과를 통해 일정수준의 실패경험은 기업성과에 기여하는 인적자본의 자산요인이 될 수 있고 기업성과에 미치는 영향이 재무적 성과와 비재무적 성과, 기회추구, 재무신용등급 등 결과변수와 연구대상 집단에 따라 다소 상이함을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 창업가 평가에 있어 평가 목적과 평가 대상자에 따라 창업경험에 대해 어떻게 인식하고 창업 실패경험을 어느 정도 인적자산화 하였는지 평가하는 제도와 관련 기관의 육성이 필요하다. 또한 창업 실패자에 대한 평가 목적에 따라 재무신용등급을 보완하는 다양한 평가기준이 마련되어야 한다. 이를 통하여 창업 실패자에 대한 제도적인 배려와 금융거래 완화가 보다 적극적으로 이루어져야 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

On the basis of the insights from human capital and entrepreneurial learning, this dissertation had an empirical study of the links between experienced business failure rates and firm performance including financial, non-financial, opportunity utilization and credit rating grade. Hypotheses were tested using data from 180 SME CEOs of Korea. An inverse U-shaped relationship was detected between the failure rates and the basic firm performance(financial or non-financial). To the contrast to expectation, an U-shaped relationship between the failure rates and opportunity utilization was found and the relationship between the failure rates and credit rating grade was shaped negative. This dissertation suggests the thoughtful evaluation on experienced business failure of entrepreneurs.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구의 배경 및 목적 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 2
• 제3절 논문의 구성 3
• 제2장 이론적 배경 및 선행연구 4
• 제1절 창업학과 창업가 특성 4
• 1. 창업학 정의 4
• 2. 창업가정신과 창업가 특성 6
• 3. 창업가 평가 9
• 제2절 인적자본 이론 12
• 1. 인적자본 개요 12
• 2. 인적자본 구성 14
• 3. 인적자본 속성 20
• 제3절 창업경험과 학습이론 22
• 1. 행동 학습 및 사회적 학습이론 22
• 2. 창업가적 학습이론 24
• 제4절 창업경험과 기업성과 25
• 1. 인적자본과 기업성과 25
• 2. 기업성과 선행연구 31
• 제3장 연구모형 및 가설 설정 34
• 제1절 연구모형 34
• 제2절 가설의 설정 36
• 제4장 연구방법 41
• 제1절 변수의 조작적 정의 및 측정 41
• 1. 중소기업 경영자 41
• 2. 창업 실패율 42
• 3. 재무적 성과 및 비재무적 성과 43
• 4. 기회추구 45
• 5. 재무신용등급 47
• 6. 인적자본 50
• 제2절 자료수집 및 분석방법 55
• 1. 자료 수집 55
• 2. 자료의 대표성 57
• 3. 연구표본 특성 60
• 제3절 신뢰성 및 타당성 분석 63
• 제5장 연구결과 68
• 제1절 상관분석 68
• 제2절 가설 검증 70
• 1. 가설 검증 방법 70
• 2. 검증 결과 71
• 제6장 결론 및 시사점 79
• 제1절 연구결과의 요약 79
• 제2절 연구의 시사점 81
• 제3절 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구과제 83
• 참고문헌 85
• 부록 101
• 국문초록 107
• ABSTRACT 108

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