Based on the achievement goal theory(AGT) and basic need theory(BNT), the present study established the hypothesized structural model in the Korean dance context. The AGT predicts that the self-referenced task orientations are more likely associated w...
Based on the achievement goal theory(AGT) and basic need theory(BNT), the present study established the hypothesized structural model in the Korean dance context. The AGT predicts that the self-referenced task orientations are more likely associated with adaptive achievement behaviors than the other-referenced ego goals in various achievement situations. The BNT also predicts that the three basic psychological needs(autonomy, competence, relatedness) facilitate adaptive behaviors through increased intrinsic motivation.
In this regards, this study established the hypothesized model which involves the three levels of the motivational constructs in a physical educational context. This model premises that the psychological need satisfaction would mediate between the achievement goal orientation (task and ego) and dance commitment. More specifically, this study examined how mastery and performance climates would affect on autonomy, competence, and relatedness satisfactions, and how theses satisfactions would predict cognitive and behavioral commitment. It was hypothesized that the task orientation in dance would facilitate satisfactions of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, while the ego orientation would not significantly predict need satisfaction. Furthermore, autonomy, competence, and relatedness would significantly predict dance commitment. This study explored the structural invariance of the hypothesized model with respect to dance group (dance level and dance major).
A total of 300 dancers (208 college students, 92 professional dancers) attending dance classes from a large inner city district in Seoul participated in present study. They completed a battery of questionnaires (PMCQ, PNSQ and ASRQ) to assess achievement goal orientation, psychological need satisfaction, and dance commitment during dance practice sessions. After verifying reliability and validity of the questionnaires used in this study, the structural equation model (SEM) was used to statistically test the hypothesized model established in this study.
The results of MANOVAs showed that there were no significant differences among dance groups on achievement goal orientation. However, professional dancers and dancers majoring in foreign dance had significantly higher means than college dancers in the autonomy components of basic needs. College dancers had higher behavioral dance commitment, as compared to the college dancers.
The result of SEM showed the hypothesis model to retain a satisfactory fit to the data. The task orientation significantly and positively predicted the three need satisfactions (autonomy, competence, relatedness), however. ego orientation positively affected competence satisfaction only. Autonomy and competence positively predicted dance commitment, but relatedness did not significantly predict dance commitment. While task orientation had direct and indirect effect on dance commitment through basic needs, ego orientation had no direct and indirect effect on dance commitment. Autonomy and competence significantly influenced on dance
The result of the invariance test indicated that the hypothesis model would be useful for dance groups. Competence and relatedness satisfactions were more strongly predicted by task orientation for college dancers than for professional dancers. However, they were more strongly predicted by ego orientation for professional dancers than for college dancers. There were no Differences in the causal relationships among achievement goal orientation, basic need, and dance commitment were not significant between dancers majoring in Korean and foreign dance. These results were discussed with theoretical and applied implication in dance education contexts.