Due to the globalization of financial industry and the intensive competition of domestic financial market, human restructuring has been carried out all the time, but academic discussions of which focus is on financial industry's outplacement programs ...
Due to the globalization of financial industry and the intensive competition of domestic financial market, human restructuring has been carried out all the time, but academic discussions of which focus is on financial industry's outplacement programs have not been carried out actively. With a critical mind about these problems, this study examined the effect of financial industry's outplacement programs in the course of involuntary retiree's career change, together with the discussions on financial industry's outplacement programs and its characteristics in the initial stage.
For this, following four study questions were established: First, 'What is the characteristic of financial company's internal organizational environment in the pre-stage of entering outplacment programs?' Second, 'What is the stepwise characteristic of financial industry's implementation (input, activity and output) course of outplacement programs that support retiree's career change?' Third, 'What is the characteristic of result of financial industry's outplacement programs?' And fourth, 'What is the characteristic of development stage of financial industry's outplacement programs after its introduction?'
In order to solve above questions, focus group interview and literature examination were carried out. In order to examine the effects of financial industry's outplacement programs, a theory-based evaluation model was used, based on collected data from the focus group interview. By looking into internal organization environment, program execution and program result, stepwise characteristics and developmental directions were worked out. As for the analysis of introduction background and current operational status of financial industry's outplacement programs, Tuckman's organizational development stage model was used and literature was examined by classifying the stage into the period of forming, storming and norming. Study findings are as follows:
First, owing to such characteristics of personnel management as seniority-oriented compensation system, personnel management of lifelong employment, economical stability and job-rotation system, financial company's internal organizational environment produced obstacles to career change, such as older age, absence of additional academic training and absence of specialized capability. Second, in the execution stage of outplacement programs, there was a consensus of opinion of the needs of financial industry's outplacement programs for the career change of involuntary retirees. However, in the development of programs, it was necessary to improve such problems as preferential reflection of not learner's requirements but company's operational goals, decision-maker's concentrated interest in visible results, operator's lack of special capability, learner's absence of positive participatory consciousness, passive public relation strategy, and 'providing caught fish' type operation. Third, financial industry's outplacement programs had positive influence upon the change of adult learner's perception, attitude and motive, and this change was presented by such positive expressions as 'joltakdongsi (卒啄同時)', 'lighthouse' and 'tour guide for unplanned tour'. Since outplacement programs of which usefulness was proved still remained in the level of unprocessed gemstone, it is necessary to split, grind and trim it, like processing jade. Fourth, since the initiation of financial industry's outplacement programs was passively carried out by exogenous factors, current outplacement programs that were developed by the financial industry and operated for it were unsatisfactory. In this vein, it is necessary to establish a new career change support center by considering financial industry's educational infra, 'center for the reemployment of former financial employees' and the agreement (july, 2006) of 'the task force for the restructuring of financial sector'. Fifth, it was proved that career change heavily depended on networks, and the position before retirement and the use of network were proportional. Sixth, four kinds of insurance premiums occupied a big portion in the decision-making criteria of career change of retirees in their 50s and above. A fixed income was changed into a variable income due to the discord of cash-flow derived from the increase of burden by the change of calculation criteria of insurance premiums and main body of payment. Seventh, the public relation strategy of outplacement programs was in proportion to financial company's personnel management strategy.
According to the study findings, study suggestions were divided into the practical area of human resource development and the standpoint of follow-up studies. Suggestions for the practical area of human resource development are as follows: First, because a outplacement program can be also a career development system supporting retiree's career change in a broad sense, it is necessary to actively use outplacement programs from the aspect of human resource development. Second, it is necessary to establish a hub center for the outplacement in the financial sector, from the aspect of reinforcing the role of the existing center for the reemployment of former financial employees. Third, it is necessary to establish a stepwise road map for financial industry's outplacement programs. Fourth, it is necessary to support the maintenance or development of career that is appropriate for the job characteristic of financial industry via introducing 'a career development voucher system'. Fifth, it is necessary to convert from 'company-directed retirement management' to 'self-directed retirement management'.
Suggestions for the follow-up studies are as follows: First, it is necessary to consider the relationship between the effects of outplacement programs and demographic features. Second, it is necessary to take a variety of influential variables upon outplacement programs into account. For example, they are whether-or-not introducing outplacement programs, types of outplacement programs, and the difference of business characteristics by banks, insurance companies, security companies and credit card companies. Third, it is necessary to carry out longitudinal studies on financial industry's outplacement programs.