The people have formed a consensus to improve residential environment in areas with concentrated multi-family (Dasedae·Dagagoo) houses. And there are many existing studies on improvement of physical environment in these areas. However, these studies ...
The people have formed a consensus to improve residential environment in areas with concentrated multi-family (Dasedae·Dagagoo) houses. And there are many existing studies on improvement of physical environment in these areas. However, these studies have been unconcerned about important role of multi-family houses as affordable housings for low income bracket.
The aim of this study is to draw policy implications for keeping housing affordability with improvement of physical environment in areas with concentrated multi-family houses. To achieve this, we conducted three analysis.
First, hedonic price model is used to analyze effect of change of residential environment on housing rent and housing affordability.
According to the results, increase of housing rent and housing expenditure by improvement of infrastructures such as parks and parking lots is affordable level for existing residents. However, increase of housing rent and housing expenditure by housing remodeling exceed affordable level for existing residents. Therefore, after finish improvement project, multi-family house will lost its important role as an affordable housing for low income bracket.
Existing tenants support policy is necessary because of increase of housing rent and housing expenditure by residential environment improvement project is excessive. To draw proper support policy, we analyze development profit by each participant in improvement project and we also analyze effect of tenant support policies.
According to the results, most of development profits are taken by home owners. And development profits of public sector and tenants are appeared negative numbers. Therefore, rent control policy is proper tenant support policy. Because rent control is financed from home owners and it can be used as a method to recapture development profit of home owners. According to the analysis of effectiveness of rent control, regulating rate of rent increase is more effective than regulating proper rent in terms of low cost housing stock preservation.
This study is focused on residential environment improvement method that home owners improve their houses by themselves. Therefore, to achieve improvement of residential environment, government needs to induce home owners to improve their houses. Home owners’decision is up to profit of improvement and the profit depends on government policy. To analyze this, we used game theory to analyze which policy makes homeowners to improve their houses.
According to the results, 40% of FAR incentive can induce home owners to improve their houses with existing level of housing rent. And excessive FAR incentive is necessary to regulate rent below existing level of housing rent. The method which regulating increase of housing rent by improvement of infrastructures is very effective because, this method can induce 80% of home owners to improve their houses with 30% FAR incentive.
Policy implications of this study are as follows. First, residential environmental improvement by infrastructure should be actively conducted. Infrastructure such as parks or parking lots are much sought after in areas with concentrated multi-family houses. However, increase of housing rent by infrastructure is affordable level for existing residents.
Second, additional tenant support policy is necessary to keep housing affordability of existing residents. After finish improvement project, multi-family house will lost its important role as an affordable housing for low income bracket.
Third, the rent control policy which regulating increase of housing rent by improvement of infrastructures is necessary to introduce.
Fourth, 40~50% of FAR incentive is necessary to induce home owners to improvement their houses with keeping existing level of housing rent.
Finally, housing rent assistance policy for the lowest income bracket is necessary. Over 60% of the lowest income bracket is lived in multi-family houses and their housing expenditure is excessive. However, policy combination of FAR incentive and rent control can not induce improvement of residential environment for this income bracket. Therefore, housing rent assistance policy such as housing allowance is necessary only for the lowest income bracket.