현장 실습 요인이 특성화 고교생의 취업 진로 결정에 미치는 영향 = The Influences of On-The-Job Training Factors on Specialized High School Students' Deciding on a Career for Employment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study has three purposes ; to know the factors and the influences of how on-the-job training (OJT) in a specialized high school influences students' deciding on a career for employment (DCE) and the difference of the influences of the OJT factors by students' background variables in order to provide the basic necessary data to improve the planning and operations in an effective OJT for high quality employment.
In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 25 OJT factors which are expected to influence students' DCE were extracted by a literature review, an individual interview with the employees who graduated from specialized technical high schools, and a verification by experts. On the basis of this, a questionnaire was developed.
The population is the nation's specialized technical high school graduates who were employed through the OJT and they are then working in industrial institutions including the OJT.
The survey was for 301 employees who have been recommended by the nation's specialized technical high schools to the number of 52 and 240 of the questionnaires(79.7%) that were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 for windows and statistical methods, e.g. reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, frequencies, factor analysis, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and t-test.
The major result of this study is as following.
First, the OJT factors which influence students' DCE are 5 factors and consist of 25 sub-factors. The OJT factors are ？The Correspondence of Individual Characteristics and Job (CICJ)', ？The Working Environments of industrial institutions (WE)', ？The Positive Strengthening from Relationship among Employees in industrial institutions (PSRE)', ？The Opportunity provided from industrial institutions to Improve Job Competence (OIJC)', ？The Teacher's Guidance about Employment in industrial institutions (TGE)'.
Second, all the OJT factors influence students' DCE. The influence of TGE is relatively the highest, while the influence of CICJ is relatively the lowest.
The influence of CICJ's sub-factors is as following. ？The correspondence of competence and job', ？the correspondence of personality and working life' have great influence while ？the correspondence of major․certificate and job', ？the correspondence of aptitude and job', ？the correspondence of interest and job' have relatively little influence.
The influence of WE's sub-factors is as following. ？The stability of employment', ？the wages', ？the feasibility in growth of industrial institutions' have great influence while ？the geographical location of industrial institutions', ？the equality in work organization', ？the welfare benefits', ？the welfare facilities', ？the working conditions․environments', ？the justice on personnel system' have relatively little influence.
The influence of PSRE's sub-factors is as following. ？The relationship between students and employees', ？the recognition from employees' have great influence while ？the encouragement from employees' have relatively little influence.
The influence of OIJC's sub-factors is as following. ？Providing opportunity that students have experience for various jobs', ？providing educational facilities to improve job competence', and ？the feasibility in growth of individual' have great influence while ？providing educational human resources to improve job competence', ？providing educational programs to improve job competence' have relatively little influence.
The influence of TGE's sub-factors is as following. ？The teacher's recommendation about industrial institutions', ？the consulting with teacher about employment' have great influence while ？the appropriateness of a prior information contents about industrial institutions' have relatively little influence.
Third, the influences of the OJT factors differ by students' background variables except for occupational categories.
By the types of career decision before taking part in the OJT, the students who have already decided career to employment and who have not decided between career to employment and unemployment are relatively more influenced by OIJC than the students who have already decided career to unemployment. And the students who have already decided career to unemployment and who have not decided between career to employment and unemployment are relatively more influenced by TGE than the students who have already decided career to employment.
By the main reasons behind taking part in the OJT, the students who have taken part in the OJT for reasons of social experience or technology learning are relatively more influenced by CICJ and OIJC than the students who have taken part in the OJT for reasons of lack of desire to study or difficulties in home economics & economic needs.
By major-job matching, the higher the major-job matching, the more CICJ and OIJC show influence.
By the scale of industrial institutions, the students who are working in the big companies are relatively more influenced by WE than the students who are working in the small-medium companies and middle companies.
By the period of employment in industrial institutions, the students who were working less than one year are relatively more influenced by WE than the students who had been working more than one year.
By the types of career decision after their current status of employment, the students who plan to continue working in the present industrial institutions and to go to college for job-related majors are relatively more influenced by all OJT factors except PSRE than the students who plan to go to college for job-unrelated majors, to work in a different industrial institutions, to open their own business, or to do nothing after resigning from the present industrial institutions. Also, by the types of career decision - planning to go to college for job-related majors, the students who plan to combine working and going to college in the present industrial institutions are relatively more influenced by WE and OIJC than the students who plan to go to college after resigning from the present industrial institutions.
By the gender, the male students are relatively more influenced by CICJ, PSRE, OIJC and the female students are relatively more influenced by WE and TGE.
Especially, the higher working life satisfaction, the more all the OJT factors show influence. Therefore, the OJT should be operate considering the OJT factors in order to contribute effectively to the OJT's achieving the purpose of specialized high school - cultivating talent in specific areas.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구 문제 3
• 3. 용어의 정의 4
• 4. 연구의 제한점 5
• II. 이론적 배경 7
• 1. 현장 실습의 개념과 특성화 고교생의 취업 현황 7
• 2. 현장 실습의 순기능과 역기능 15
• 3. 진로 결정의 개념과 진로 결정 요인 21
• 4. 취업 진로 결정에 영향을 미치는 현장 실습 요인 27
• III. 연구 방법 48
• 1. 연구 절차 48
• 2. 조사 대상 49
• 3. 조사 도구 60
• 4. 자료 수집 62
• 5. 자료 분석 68
• IV. 연구 결과 69
• 1. 특성화 고교생의 취업 진로 결정에 영향을 미치는 현장 실습 요인의 구명 69
• 2. 현장 실습 요인이 취업 진로 결정에 미치는 영향 74
• 3. 현장 실습 요인이 취업 진로 결정에 미치는 영향의 배경 변인별 차이 78
• V. 요약, 논의, 결론 및 제언 91
• 1. 요약 91
• 2. 논의 94
• 3. 결론 101
• 4. 제언 104
• 참 고 문 헌 110
• ABSTRACT 114
• 부 록 119