This thesis aims to read drama that had been seated in the center of cultural distribution as ''dynamic product'' based on the position as saying of needing to consecutively grasp before and after independence from Japanese Colonization. The aim is to...
This thesis aims to read drama that had been seated in the center of cultural distribution as ''dynamic product'' based on the position as saying of needing to consecutively grasp before and after independence from Japanese Colonization. The aim is to illuminate significance of drama, which had been effective propaganda from the position of the authority and discourse producer, and which had been the exciting entertainment to the masses, in the 1940s that can be summarized as the period of mobilizing nationals. This thesis aims to explain the complex aspect of drama text as well as grasping a method of forming the national identity in the drama of the 1940s. This is what opened possibility of diverse analyses on drama before and after liberation and will be a work of confirming multiple-layer in theater in those days that desires, which cannot be united, are mixed.
A research on dramatic literature has been formed in the meantime by being separated before and after, based on historical event called liberation. However, the period before and after liberation, which is summarized as construction of Greater East Asia and as a new country, can be considered together in a sense of having been functioned the similar mobilization and the enlightening logic. In a situation that a new empire occupied South and North Korea soon, the overall liberation was distant as far as the discourse producers'' colonial mind-set wasn''t changed.
In this situation, the drama was a cultural tool of still supporting the politics of mobilization. Even the theatrical people positively responded to political logic regardless of before and after liberation. As far as all sides of the main agents in drama, which had initiated the colonial period and the liberation era, were almost identical and still recognized drama as a means of enlightenment even after liberation, the continuity couldn''t help being remarkable rather than difference from national theatre. Accordingly, the process of the national planning in the main agent of drama before and after liberation needs to be considered.
What will be known well is a point that a goal of drama in the 1940s included enlightenment and mobilization, but that the characteristic of the popular drama, namely, melodrama element, for which they prefer, was utilized positively in the process of embracing the audience. Accordingly, to reinforce ideology in a war footing, a case of national theatre borrowed the melodrama element. The drama in the era of liberation compromised the ideology in the left-and-right wing and the melodrama-based sentimentalism. In this way, when grasping the dramatic circles in the 1940s, a strategy for propaganda and a problem of popularity are those that cannot be regarded by being separated. Thus, there is a need of paying attention to diverse effects that occur when two orientations are resonated or collided within a piece of drama.
The identity of drama in the 1940s that is just the era of propaganda can be summarized as propaganda drama, but is rivaled the propagandism, artistry, and popularity within text, thereby being impossible to consistently judge its effect. At that time, even if the drama was participatory work to the national theatre contest, it was criticized that it had not paid attention to the national policy. Even the ideological drama after liberation was indicated as saying of being not completely revealed the ideology. It will be able to be said that it is the point of time that shows complexity of drama in the 1940s. Accordingly, in Chapter 3~5 of the main subject, the aim is to discuss together the aspect that the drama, which reflects ideology and mentalitIJ at the same time, accepts political coloniality while implementing the national identity, and the aspect of exclusively possessing this. Continuously, Chapter 6 will look back generally on the dramatic effect, which is created with being engaged the propagandism and popularity in the drama of the 1940s.
Chapter 3 examines that playwright recognizes mission of the turning point by calling up history and confirms the aspect of prescribing the national identity. The drama in the 1940s forms the collective symbol by recalling history with the intention of overcoming exhaustion of materials and of increasing a sense of familiarity in the audience. What calls up history aimed to enlighten the audience as a part of planning the nation state. Clause A tries to read a case that the national theatre dramatizes myth for the 內鮮一體, which had history as material. Article 1 aims to examine the incarnation aspect of optimistic reappearance and Oriental universality in history. Continuously, Article 2 discusses the aspect that the consciousness of futility is striking while the Joseon-based distinctiveness fails to be converged into the Oriental universality. A sense of frustration is deepened on destiny, which suggests a section of the failed history. Clause B will read the drama in the era of liberation, which has history of struggle as material. Article 1 looks back on the point of time that the left-right confrontational structure comes to be full-scale and that the propagandism of melodrama is intensified such as spectacle, thrill, and violence in order to reinforce popularity. Article 2 aims to examine text of objectively reproducing history by being loyal to a record at the same time. Maintaining the melodrama-based characteristic, which strengthens pathos through entries of 3.1 commemorative festival, in which the confrontational image of ideology was relatively weakened.
Chapter 4 closely examines the aspect of forming the collective identity by reflecting the geopolitics of empire within the international order that a drama faced in the 1940s, when the discourse producer''s interest in international relations rapidly grows. The main agent of dramatic writing before and after liberation produced the confrontation of human race, civilization and the confrontation of ideology based on the geopolitics of empire. A problem of reconstructing by making enemy other-ness met with the main current of national identity. Article 1 of Clause A confirms the dramatization method in anti- Occidentalism through national theatre. These dramas based on the strictly moral binary structure are noted in a sense of being finished with the good triumphing over the evil and of expanding the geopolitics of empire by allowing the colonial Joseon reality in a war footing to be romantic. Article 2 discusses the national theatre, which distributes Joseon into colony of empire, not the center of Greater East Asia. It makes ambiguous in the boundary of good and evil, and that makes it deromanticization for a situation of colonial Joseon. These dramas reinforce tragic emotion of the popular drama in the 1930s while showing a conclusion that the heroin dies or gets frustrated. The audience at that time seems to have encouraged the popular element in melodrama like this. Article 1 of Clause B, which examines the drama in the era of liberation, looks back on the aspect of expressing expectation for powerful nation and of allowing the space of liberation to be ideology through era of liberation’s plays, which are finished with small conflict and reconciliation. Continuously, Clause 2 discusses a case of expressing distrust in reality with objectively looking squarely negative effects of the liberation space.
Chapter 5 reads the aspect of drama in the 1940s which forms the right national identity by allowing the inside of group to be hierarchial based on the generational theory. The image of patriotic youth in the form of warrior, which appeared in the era of total war, is reproduced until the period after the independent nation entered the South and North Korea after passing through liberation. This reflects a fact as saying that the historical mission, which was given to the youth under the logic of mobilization and construction, is as strict as it. Article 1 of Clause A confirms the aspect of the cheerful growth drama, in which all problems of family are solved owing to a young man''s military expedition. On the other hand, Article 2 pays attention to the point of time that a youth''s military expedition fails to have authenticity or that the existence of female characters, who fail to accept military expedition of son and lover, makes growth drama rebellious. It is what a tear of female character enough for the audience to empathize the most discolors the significance of military expedition. Article 1 of Clause B explains the aspect that a youth, who returned, clears vestiges of Japanese imperialism and becomes a pioneer of a race. These dramas based on the pellucid binary structure are finished tragically with primarily addressing death of old generation, and reveal the conviction in founding a country with depicting this in the essential sequence. On the other hand, in the era of liberation''s plays that are coexisted the naturalism technique and the melodrama element, a youth wanders to the end without a goal and is more deepened the tragic consciousness of defeat on reality with entering the conclusion.
Article 1 in each clause of the main subject in the above will examine the aspect that even the melodrama, which is summarized with conviction in moral polarization and utopia, is resonated with propaganda, which has the binary world view and the escapism-based characteristic. Also, Article 2 in each clause aims to read the aspects that the points of time, which deepen the tragic recognition on reality by reflecting emotion of the popular drama in the 1930s. It forms the propagandistic message and different layer. The melodrama element, which reflected emotion of the audience, produces conservative ideology by going along with the dominant discourse, but encroaches propagandism and is made panoramic sometimes, and also becomes the mechanism of concealing critical sight on a situation.
The 1940s is the period of having failed to have been discussed significantly in the history of drama. In the meantime, it will be able to be regarded as the period about which the theatrical people were worried most desperately, who had needed to continue the activity of dramatic writing amid the rapidly changing situation. The drama before and after liberation, which reflected this fierce pursuit, can be regarded as the mixed text, which was created with being collided the desires that cannot be converged into one point of time. In addition, alternateness, which is caused between the planning intention & plays and the performed text & audience''s response, is also what proves complexity of the drama distribution in those days. Accordingly, the drama in the 1940s, which was created with being engaged the different desires, has possibility of diverse analyses as much as it and it will be able to be highlighted its significance by being examined from more several angles in the future.