This research mainly with features of process and elementary education's introduction in Incheon Younghwa Private School and Incheon Public Primary School from the end of Korean society to the early of Japanese colony's.
In case of Incheon, school h...
This research mainly with features of process and elementary education's introduction in Incheon Younghwa Private School and Incheon Public Primary School from the end of Korean society to the early of Japanese colony's.
In case of Incheon, school had not been established by the modern education's law, however, various education based on local feature which is an open part area was conducted. Even though it was not the education only for Joseon nation, however, it affected to modern education's introduction by pioneers.
The first modern elementary education for Joseon citizens in Incheon was conducted by missionaries. And, it was started to establishing Yonghwa school and Yonghwa women school. Yonghwa school was managed by Korean pastor, and the first management was not that satisfied, however, it was built new building and was permitted as a private school and it was ready to be an official elementary education organization.
Yonghwa school in Residency-General Period, in 1909, it was re-permitted as a private normal school and entered colony's educational system. Yonghwa school is related to religion but the real school management was more feel like national pride. It was more like private school with military training.
Incheon Public Primary School which is the first public school in Incheon was established in the process of integration in around near private school and was managed by public school law. However, Incheon Public Primary School's dropouts were most of them or more than the half. The reason was personal economic burden as the tuition fee was established by the law. And, evading public school as a colony's educational organization.
In such Incheon modern school's process, through school report, through school report, I studied elementary education's reality in detail. The school report from is assumed to use Japanese form in Residency-General Period, but through example of Yonghwa school, in early situation, it seems that they used school. In the early period, it seems that each school had each various methods to record the school grades. Also, because of the private school law in 1908, they were used and produced as private school's official document.
Based on the fact that we can now know through Yonghwa school's records, and compared to Incheon Public Primary School, the entrance average age of Yonghwa school was lower than Incheon Public Primary School. Compared to the whole domestic public Primary schools, Incheon Public Primary School freshmen did enter the school 2 or 3 years later. Yonghwa school students' distance for attending school in Bunaemyeon was the largest. This is because Bunaemyeon was the commercial center and the Yonghwa school was located in Bunaemyeon. Public school also had many students in the nearest province. Students' family situations could be understood through parents' occupations. In case of Yonghwa school, parents' occupations were mostly related to commerce. This is related to residential area and one of the location's feature is it is a commercial center. Parents' religion was the feature of Yonghwa school's. The records are not enough to judge but I assume they weren't mostly the Christians, at first. The school was a mission school so, it seems like the school performed national education and new western education for citizens. The school in fact, made a survey regarding parents' status and educated practical subjects, not the religious subjects as they had changed the subject courses, and that it one of the features of the school.
In Incheon, where has an open part area, Japanese school was founded according to the necessity of foreign languages and Japan and China founded their educational organizations. Moreover, diverse private schools were established by national pioneers with missionary policies. After the Residency-General Period, public schools were established legally and Korean-leading private schools were integrated. In short, elementary education in Incheon was very close to colony's effects, however compared to any other provinces, Incheon accepted foreign cultures early, therefore, it has been performed very new western education as the biggeset feature.