This study aims to verify the relationship between the service recovery justice, customer’s emotion, customer satisfaction and behavioral intention by applying new theory about percept justice through the service recovery process of the hotel restau...
This study aims to verify the relationship between the service recovery justice, customer’s emotion, customer satisfaction and behavioral intention by applying new theory about percept justice through the service recovery process of the hotel restaurant. In addition, it aims to analyze the actual service recovery paradox of domestic five-star hotel restaurant service empirically and to verify moderating effect of arousal between the customer's emotion response and customer satisfaction.
Looking at the contents of this study specifically, the service recovery justice were applied by departmentalizing with distributive justice, procedural justice, interpersonal justice, information justice, and the variable role of the customer's emotion was verified by dividing with emotional reactions(positive and negative emotion) and arousal level.
In addition, through analysis of behavioral intention differences between the complainer group and non-complainer group about hotel restaurant service, the service recovery paradox effect was verified, and the results of the study drawn based on this quantitative validation are as follows.
First, as results of exploratory analysis of factors of the service recovery justice dimension, the each of the items was divided with four dimension factors(distributive justice, procedural justice, interpersonal justice, information justice) through the literature research, and it has construct validity and internal consistency reliability so it could be used in this study as new dimensional justice factors.
Second, the each dimension of the service recovery justice had positive effects on the customer's positive emotion, and it has the negative effects on the customer's negative emotion. And as results of comparison between each effects of each justice dimension on the customer's emotional responses, the biggest impact of dimension on the customer's positive emotion was the interpersonal justice, but on the other side, the biggest impact of dimension on the customer's negative emotion was the distributive justice.
Third, looking at change of the customer satisfaction by the customer's emotional responses, the customer's positive emotion had positive effects on the customer's satisfaction after recovery, and the negative emotion had negative effects on satisfaction after recovery.
Fourth, as results of verification of the moderating effect of arousal about relationship between the customer's emotional responses and customer satisfaction, the arousal level had moderating effects between the customer's positive emotion and customer's satisfaction after recovery, but on the other hand, the there was no effects on the negative emotion and satisfaction after recovery.
Fifth, as results of examining change of behavioral intention by the satisfaction after service recovery, the satisfaction after recovery has positive effects on repurchase intention and positive word of mouth.
Finally, as results of analysis of differences between behavioral intention(positive word of mouth, repurchase intention) of each group by classifying the sampling groups based on the standard of availability of satisfaction and complaint, the average value of the satisfied complainer group’s behavioral intention after service recovery was higher than the non-complainer group satisfied with service at first, so it could be seen that the service recovery paradox is applied to domestic hotel restaurant service. In addition, as results of comparison between non-complainer dissatisfied with service and dissatisfied complainer, the average value of the complainer dissatisfied about behavioral intention was lower than the dissatisfied non-complainer. It shows that the service recovery which was felt unfairly by the customer will bring complaint and it has worse negative behavioral intention compared to the complainer without healing process.
Consequently, there was service recovery paradox of the domestic hotel restaurant, and it can be seen that the realistic recovery system for responding the customer’s demand is necessary in order to be the opportunity to convert the significant crisis situation as service failure into the chance. Therefore, to establish the effective service recovery strategy, the staff should make efforts to recover truly, and to achieve this goal, the internal marketing for promoting intellectual stimulation and for encouraging voluntary service commitment of staff and the service leadership for eliciting it effectively are needed. And when the service failure has occurred, it should check the customer’s emotional change and it should elicit the customer’s emotion positively in maximum through the proper response by authorizing the service recovery to the staffs for rapid and pro-active responses.
Meanwhile, the customer's high arousal level about the foods, design and atmosphere of hotel restaurant can achieve the high customer satisfaction by stimulating customer's positive emotion more, so it will be needed that innovative promotional activities such as holding differentiated segment culture events, the efforts for improvement of the quality of food & beverages and the physical environment of hotel restaurant through the investment and menu development.