어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감의 관계

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 어머니가 느끼는 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감을 알아보고, 어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감 간의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다.

본 연구의 구체적인 연구문제는 다음과 같다.
1. 어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감은 어떠한가?
2. 어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감은 어떠한 관계가 있는가?
2-1. 어머니의 행복감과 양육행동은 어떠한 관계가 있는가?
2-2. 어머니의 행복감과 유아의 자기효능감은 어떠한 관계가 있는가?
2-3. 어머니의 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감은 어떠한 관계가 있는가?
3. 어머니의 행복감과 양육행동이 유아의 자기효능감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가?

본 연구의 대상은 서울 및 경기도 소재 어린이집 8 곳에 재원중인 만 4, 5세 유아 135명과 그 어머니 135명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 도구는 어머니의 행복감을 측정하기 위하여 한국 성인의 행복한 삶 척도를, 어머니의 양육행동을 파악하기 위해서 양육행동 질문지를, 유아의 자기효능감을 측정하기 위해서 유아용 자기효능감 검사를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 연구문제에 따라 빈도분석, 기술통계, 상관관계분석, 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다.
본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
첫째, 본 연구대상 어머니들의 행복감은 평균이상으로 나타났으며, 하위요인들 가운데 ‘자립성’, ‘자녀의 바른 성장’, ‘건강’, ‘부모 및 친지와의 관계’ 및 ‘배우자와의 사랑’의 순서로 행복감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 어머니의 양육행동은 온정·합리적 지도의 양육행동이 가장 높게, 적극적 참여의 양육행동이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 연구대상 유아들은 매우 높은 자기효능감을 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다.
둘째, 어머니의 행복감과 양육행동 및 유아의 자기효능감 간에는 유의미한 정적 상관관계가 나타났다.
셋째, 어머니의 행복감과 양육행동 가운데 어머니의 행복감이 유아의 자기효능감을 예측하는 변인인 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among happiness of mothers, parenting behavior of mothers and self-efficacy of young children.

The subjects of this study were 135 children aged 4~5 attending 8 pre-schools in Seoul and Kyounggi-province and their mothers. The instrument used for mother's happiness was Korean Adult Happiness Index developed by Myoung-so Kim, Hye-won Kim, Kyoung-ho Cha, Ji-young Lim, and Young-seok Han(2003). For mother's parenting behaviors, this study used Parent Behavior Inventory(Mother form) modified by Seung-hee Son(2002). The instrument used for Children's Self-efficacy was modified Young Children's Self-efficacy Inventory by Mi-hyang Choi(2003).

The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 12.0. Program. The frequency and percentage were calculated to investigate the general characteristics of the subjects. To investigate reliability and validity of the measuring instruments, Cronbach's α was calculated. The Pearson's correlation and Multiple regression were used to examine the results of the research tasks.

The results of this study were as follows:
First, the mothers participated in this study have relatively high level of happiness and parenting behavior. And their children have a very high level of self-efficacy.
Second, there were significant positive correlations among happiness of mothers, parenting behavior of mothers and self-efficacy of young children. between levels of mother's happiness and their children's self-efficacy.
Third, it was the mother's happiness that the variable of mothers affects on their children's self-efficacy. Thus, the mother's happiness was found to be an important variable to predict their children's self-efficacy.

To summarize, this study concluded that both mothers' happiness and parenting behaviors affected their children's self-efficacy. And the greater influential factor on children's self-efficacy was the mothers' happiness than their parenting behaviors.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 논문개요
• Ⅰ. 서론 ······························································································ 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ··························································· 1
• 2. 연구문제 ···················································································· 6
• 3. 용어의 정의 ··············································································· 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ················································································· 8
• 1. 행복감 ························································································ 8
• 1) 행복감의 개념 ········································································ 8
• 2) 행복감 관련 요인 ································································· 10
• 2. 양육행동 ··················································································13
• 1) 양육행동의 개념 및 유형 ··················································· 14
• 2) 양육행동 관련 요인 ···························································· 17
• 3. 자기효능감 ··············································································· 20
• 1) 자기효능감의 개념 ····························································· 20
• 2) 자기효능감 관련 요인 ························································ 22
• 4. 선행연구 ··················································································· 25
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 ··················································································· 32
• 1. 연구 대상 ·················································································· 32
• 2. 연구 도구 ·················································································· 33
• 3. 연구 절차 ·················································································· 38
• 4. 자료 분석 ·················································································· 40
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 해석 ·············································································· 41
• 1. 어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감 경향
• ······································································································· 41
• 2. 어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동과 유아의 자기효능감과의 관계
• ······································································································· 43
• 3. 어머니의 행복감 및 양육행동이 유아의 자기효능감에 미치는
• 영향 ······························································································ 48
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 ·············································································· 50
• 1. 논의 ···························································································· 50
• 2. 결론 및 제언 ············································································· 55
• 참 고 문 헌
• ABSTRACT
• 부 록