This study closely examined relationship among perceived stress, stress coping method, depression, and self-care behavior targeting patients with diabetes of the middle-aged women, and grasped influence of the perceived stress and stress coping method...
This study closely examined relationship among perceived stress, stress coping method, depression, and self-care behavior targeting patients with diabetes of the middle-aged women, and grasped influence of the perceived stress and stress coping method upon depression and self-care behavior, thereby having been attempted in order to offer basic data necessary for development in nursing intervention available for preventing depression and promoting self-care behavior.
The design of study is a descriptive correlation research. Data collection was surveyed by using questionnaire targeting 98 female patients aged 40~65, who are being hospitalized for curing type 2 diabetes by S general hospital where is located in Seoul, and who visited the hospital as outpatient.
The collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple regression by using SPSS WIN 18.0 program. The findings are as follows.
1) Subjects' perceived stress was averagely 14.93. Out of stress coping method, the average of problem-centered coping was 23.98. The average of emotion-centered coping was indicated to be 23.57. Self-care behavior was averagely 64.20. Depression was averagely 14.96. Thus, light depression status was being expressed.
2) The perceived stress according to general characteristics was indicated to have significant difference depending on educational level, income, diabetes diagnosis period, diabetes hospitalization experience, and appearance of other disease. In the stress coping method, the problem-centered coping method was indicated to have significant difference depending on religion. The emotion-centered coping method was indicated to have significant difference depending on educational level. Self-care behavior according to general characteristics was indicated to have significant difference depending on educational level, income, and diagnosis period. Depression was indicated to have significant difference depending on educational level, income, and diagnosis period.
3) As a result of analyzing correlation among perceived stress, stress coping method, depression, and self-care behavior, the perceived stress had positive correlation with emotion-centered coping and depression out of the stress-coping method, and was indicated to have negative correlation with self-care behavior. In the stress coping method, the problem-centered coping method had positive correlation with self-care behavior, and had negative correlation with depression. The emotion -centered coping method had negative correlation with self-care behavior and had positive correlation with depression. Self-care behavior was indicated to have negative correlation with depression.
4) As a result of carrying out multiple regression analysis in order to examine influence of the perceived stress and stress coping method upon depression, all of the perceived stress, problem-centered coping and emotion-centered coping, which are stress coping methods, were indicated to have significant influence upon depression. Depression was indicated to be higher in the higher perceived stress, in the less use of problem-centered coping method, and in the more use of emotion -centered coping method. The explanatory power of perceived stress and stress coping method on depression was 53%.
5) As a result of carrying out multiple regression analysis in order to examine influence of perceived stress and stress coping method upon self-care behavior, all of the perceived stress, and problem-centered coping and emotion-centered coping, which are stress coping methods, were indicated to have significant influence upon self-care behavior. The score of implementing self-care behavior was indicated to be higher in the lower perceived stress, in the more use of problem -centered coping method out of stress coping method, and in the less use of emotion-centered coping method. The explanatory power on self-care behavior was 32.9%.
Through these findings, the depression and self-care behavior level in patients with diabetes of the middle-aged women may be varied depending on an individual's stress perceived level and stress coping method. Thus, the development in stress intervention program is considered to be likely necessary that reduces the perceived stress and that is conducive to possibly using problem-centered coping method out of the stress coping method, for efficient management of diabetes.