어머니 애착과 거절민감성이 학령기 아동의 외로움에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Children's Attachment and Rejection Sensitivity on School Age Children's Loneliness

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Loneliness is felt not only because there is not enough social relationship but also due to distorted perception about social relationship. Therefore, in this research, focus is made on importance of social relationship and cognitive perception about it. It based on the previous study and related theories, the school age children's loneliness was set as a dependent variable, social relationship related variable children's attachment and cognitive perception on social relationship related variable rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression) were set as independent variables.

The problems of this study were as followed :
1. Does the Level of children's attachment and rejection sensitivity are significantly influence on school age children's loneliness level?
2. Does the level of school age children's attachment is significantly influence on rejection sensitivity level?
3. Is there any significant influence difference between children's attachment and rejection sensitivity to describing the school age children's loneliness?

The subjects in this study were 441 children who had 4th, 5th, 6th grade student attending elementary school located in Daegu and Kyungbuk district children's attachment that translated and revised ‘Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised version(IPPA-R)' developed by Armsden and Greenberg(1987), rejection sensitivity that Park Ji Yoon(1998) complemented and revised 'Children's Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire(CRSQ)' developed by Downey and Feldman(1996) and Loneliness Scale(Doh Hyun Sim(1996)) measuring loneliness.
The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 program, frequency analysis was used to examine the demographic characteristics, Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated to examine internal consistency of each factor. Also one-way ANOVA and Two-way ANOVA were used to verify the problem 1 and one-way ANOVA was used to verify the problem 2 and multiple regression was used for the problem 3.

The results of the study were followed:
First, the level of children's attachment and rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression) had influence on the children's loneliness: School age children's loneliness were significantly different depending on children's attachment and rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression and there was not interaction effect. Accordingly, the level of mothers' children's attachment and rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression) had influence on the children's loneliness.
The level of children's attachment had influence on the children's loneliness: The result showed that the group of low children's attachment experienced high children's loneliness, whereas the group of high children's attachment experienced lower children's loneliness than the middle group and the low group. The level of children's rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression) had influence on the children's loneliness: The result showed that the group of high rejection sensitivity experienced high children's loneliness, whereas the group of low rejection sensitivity experienced lower children's loneliness than the middle group and the high group.
Second, the level of children's attachment had influence on the rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression): The result showed that the group of low children's attachment experienced high rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression), the group of high children's attachment experienced lower rejection sensitivity than the middle group and the low group.
Third, the relative influence of children's attachment and rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression) on school age children's loneliness: The result showed that rejection anxiety and rejection depression had more influence on children's loneliness than children's attachment. But the result showed that rejection angry had more influence on children's loneliness than children's attachment.

In conclusion, both children's attachment and rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection angry, rejection depression) had influence on the loneliness meaningfully presents a meaningful factor to explain school age children's loneliness. Most of all, the result indicated that in the difference of relative influence of children's attachment and rejection sensitivity on school age children's loneliness, rejection sensitivity(rejection anxiety, rejection depression) had more influence on than children's attachment.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구문제 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 선행연구의 고찰 5
• 1. 외로움 5
• 1) 외로움의 정의 5
• 2) 외로움의 중요성 8
• 2. 어머니 애착 11
• 1) 어머니 애착의 정의 11
• 2) 어머니 애착과 외로움 13
• 3. 거절민감성 15
• 1) 거절민감성의 정의 15
• 2) 거절민감성과 외로움 17
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 20
• 1. 연구대상 20
• 2. 측정도구 21
• 1) 외로움 21
• 2) 어머니 애착 21
• 3) 거절민감성 22
• 3. 절 차 23
• 4. 자료분석 24
• Ⅳ. 결과 25
• 1. 측정변인 간의 기술 통계치 25
• 2. 학령기 아동의 어머니의 애착 및 거절민감성(거절불안, 거절분노, 거절우울)에 따른 외로움의 차이 25
• 3. 학령기 아동의 어머니의 애착에 따른 거절민감성(거절불안, 거절분노, 거절우울)의 차이 29
• 4. 학령기 아동의 외로움을 설명하는 어머니 애착과 거절민감성(거절불안, 거절분노, 거절우울)의 상대적 영향력 30
• Ⅴ. 논의 33
• Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 37
• 참고문헌 39
• 부록 47
• 표 목 차
• <표Ⅲ-1> 연구대상의 일반적 특성 20
• <표Ⅳ-1> 측정변인 간의 기술 통계치 25
• <표Ⅳ-2> 학령기 아동의 어머니의 애착 및 거절민감성에 따른 외로움의 평균 차이 26
• <표Ⅳ-3> 학령기 아동의 어머니 애착에 따른 외로움의 평균 및 사후검증 27
• <표Ⅳ-4> 학령기 아동의 거절민감성에 따른 외로움의 평균 및 사후검증 28
• <표Ⅳ-5> 학령기 아동의 어머니의 애착에 따른 거절민감성의 평균 차이 29
• <표Ⅳ-6> 학령기 아동의 어머니 애착에 따른 거절민감성의 평균 차이 및 사후검증 30
• <표Ⅳ-7> 학령기 아동의 외로움에 대한 어머니 애착과 거절민감성의 위계적 중다회귀분석 31
• 그 림 목 차
• <그림Ⅱ-1> 학령기 아동의 외로움에 영향을 미치는 변인들에 관한 연구모형 19