The study focused on the agency of women in their 20s and 30s, who at first joined online communities, commonly known as "Three Kingdoms," for the purpose of sharing information about fashion/plastic surgery/cosmetics but, since Candlenight demonstrat...
The study focused on the agency of women in their 20s and 30s, who at first joined online communities, commonly known as "Three Kingdoms," for the purpose of sharing information about fashion/plastic surgery/cosmetics but, since Candlenight demonstration, have continuously engaged in political actions. Consumption Capitalism defines women in their 20s and 30s only as the consumption subject, trapped in commercial order. Consumption culture, however, does not always make woman conform to the market's rules. As the culture encourages individuality and development of specific preferences, it allows women to possess power, resulting in their respecting themselves and officially making their voice heard. As a result, in the face of specific events and chances, women express their opinions in the political field and continue their political practices. These women indicate emergence of subjects who are under the influence of Consumption society in subject mode and social relations but, at the same time, can cast the critical eye upon it.
The subject matters of the study are as follow: who these women are; what conditions lead them to engage in political actions; how established political field interpret these practices; how women construct their positions in the political field; how the practices expand women's political life in their everyday lives.
The results of investigation can be summarized as follow.
First, "Three Kingdoms," whose members have continued to practice political actions since Candlenight demonstration, are not irrelevant to Consumption Capitalism in that their purpose is to share information regarding women's "appearance maintenance“. But the communities go beyond the place where desire for consumption, related to women's hobby and cultural taste, is constructed.
Because its members share similar preferences, "Online community only for women" help forge bond among its members, serving as the place where women can "safely speak about themselves" and "share life experiences." Also, each community create its own culture, differentiated from others. They establish rules to keep the place "safe and pleasant" and take measures to prevent the community from commercialized. Such characteristics of community lay the foundations for women to practice political actions online and offline.
Second, women in their 20s and 30s, who had little experience in political practices before, observe "women similar to them" turning difficult and boring political issues into "easy and lively" ones and begin to recognize "political issues" as "life matters." Online community―once the place for "entertainment" or "sharing interest"―plays a role of forming counter discourse to public issues. As a result, women "decide" to be involved in political practices, which were considered strange and unfamiliar until then, and, in the process, for the first time, they become aware of "their relationship with nation." They take political area as the field which needs constant observation and intervention in the form of concrete practices.
Third, even though women try to communicate "political issues" with as many people as possible by speaking aloud their opinions and practicing actions, the political field distorts their voice. Struggling with "stigmatization" as well as "rules" imposed by society makes women interpret their activities as "great" but also "trivial" things. This contradiction, however, reveals a possibility for women's political life to expand. On one hand, women take pride that they, "ordinary" or "average citizen," are participating in political actions. On the other hand, they consider their act as "not a big deal." This interpretation, however, is effective in making women take political actions as not demanding, as those that can be done without their having to dramatically transform or fully dedicate their lives. By considering their activities as "trivial things" performed by "average people," women reconstruct the meaning of political participation: rewarding political practices can be done in their daily lives without little pressure.
As stated above, the study observed the process in which women ,through online communities closely related with consumption culture, perform political action, revealing that women in their 20s and 30s are not only the "consumption subject“ but also "political subject." It also tried to point out how women are still unexplained in the public field by disclosing the way in which the existing political discourses label and position woman. But in the process, with their own strategies, women are found to develop their own "voice" and find their position. This paper has a meaning in that it reveals and explains how women expand their "political lives" in their daily lives.