기업의 사회적 책임이 기업과 이해관계자의 관계에 미치는 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This dissertation is composed with 3 studies. The topic of study 1 is "critical review of previous corporate social responsibility (adhere, CSR) studies based on stakeholder approach." CSR related studies can be divided by two streams. One stream is about perspective of CSR. Until 1960’s, main perspective of CSR was the classic economics view. Classic economists insisted that companies have a responsibility to only shareholders. After 1970’s, neo-classic economists persisted that companies satisfy stockholder’s interest, not shareholder’s. In the short-run, engaging in CSR may erode a corporation’s short-term profit rate, but in the long-run, it would help all social constituents including the corporation itself. This view is called as enlightened self-interest. In 1990’s, socio-economists asserted that companies should manage stakeholder’s interests at the same time for surviving and growing. If companies satisfy shareholders’ demands, resistance of other stakeholder can be induced. So, socio-economists focused on how companies manage the conflict among stakeholder’s interests. In 2000’s, a concept of sustainable development was emerged. According to insistence of politicians and ecological economists, companies should develop and consume natural resources sustainably and responsibly.
Researchers in management area have focused on effect of CSR on relationship between corporate and stakeholder. Most of researchers have studied effect on individual stakeholder such as consumers, investors, and employees. Results of previous researches have proven that CSR has influences on individual stakeholder’s attitude and behavior. But, these researches overlooked a possibility that everyone can form multi-identities.
In this study, CSR MAP model was proposed as a tool of CSR management. CSR MAP was composed with CSR motivation, Activity, and Performance. All of CSR components have two aspects; economic and social. So, CSR types can be divided by 8 types.
As results of review, several limitations of previous studies were found. First, previous studies didn't consider the effect of CSR on B2B relationship. Second is the problem of CSR management. Although a few of researchers proposed CSR process models, most of models had several limitations. For overcoming limitations of previous models, CSR MAP model was suggested. But CSR MAP model should be tested empirically in next study. Third limitation of previous studies had dealt with an aspect of individuals among multi identities such as consumer, employee, or investor. But most of individuals have multi identities such as consumer and employee, consumer and investor, employee and investor, and so on. For more exactly measuring effects of CSR on individuals, individuals must be dealt as multi-identity individuals.
The topic of study 2 is "developing new CSR measure for multi-identity individuals." Management researches related CSR have overlooked a possibility that individual stakeholder such investors, employees, and consumers have multi identities. Multi-identity individuals can have conflicts between roles of consumers and investors, or roles of consumers and employees. Therefore, if corporations intend to use CSR as a tool of stakeholder management, corporations should consider multi-identities. But most of previous studies have focused on a facet of multi-identity individuals. For studying about roles of multi-identities, developing new CSR measure is prior to any other works. The goal of This study is to develop new CSR measure according to Churchill(1979)’s procedure. By the result of developing new measure, 7 sub-constructs of CSR and 45 question items were developed.
The topic of study 3 is "effects of perceived CSR motivation and performance on relationship quality." The Purposes of this study are: 1) to identify the relationship between perceived CSR performance and perceived CSR motivation based on attribution theory; 2) to confirm the relationship between perceived CSR motivation and relationship quality. The results indicate that most of sub-constructs of perceived CSR performance have influences on sub-constructs of perceived CSR motivation except between employee's welfare and economic motivation, and social welfare and social motivation. Perceived economic and social motivations have significant effects on relationship quality.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• Ⅱ. 연구 1 - 이해관계자 접근법에 기반한 기업의 사회적 책임 관련 기존 연구에 대한 비판적 고찰 6
• 1. 연구 목적 6
• 2. 기업의 사회적 책임의 대두 7
• 3. 기업의 사회적 책임 범위에 대한 논쟁 9
• 1) 고전 경제학적 접근 - 비용 관점에 기반을 둔 주주 이익의 극대화 11
• 2) 신고전파 경제학적 접근 - 단기적 성과 중심에서 장기적 성과 중심으로 14
• 3) 사회 경제학적 접근 - 주주에서 이해관계자로의 확장 15
• 4) 생태 경제학적 접근 - 사회 구성원의 개념 확장: 미래 인류에 대한 책임 20
• 4. 이해관계자 관점을 기반으로 한 새로운 CSR의 정의 21
• 5. 이해관계자 접근법에 기반한 CSR의 효과에 관한 연구 27
• 1) 투자자를 대상으로 한 CSR 관련 연구 28
• 2) 소비자를 대상으로 한 CSR 관련 연구 30
• 3) 종업원을 대상으로 한 CSR 관련 연구 34
• 4) CSR이 사회 전반에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 35
• 6. CSR MAP 모형 37
• 1) CSR 관리 모형에 관한 기존 연구 37
• 2) CSR 관리를 위한 MAP 모형 39
• 3) CSR 동기, 활동, 그리고 성과에 따른 CSR의 유형 46
• 7. 향후 연구를 위한 제언 49
• 1) 기업 고객을 대상으로 한 연구의 부재 49
• 2) CSR 관리 방법에 대한 연구의 부재 50
• 3) 개인 이해관계자들과의 관계 설정 문제 51
• Ⅲ. 연구 2 - 다양한 정체성을 지닌 개인을 대상으로 한 CSR 평가 척도 개발 53
• 1. 연구 목적 53
• 2. 기업의 사회적 책임 개념 53
• 3. CSR 평가 척도에 관한 기존 연구 56
• 4. 다양한 이해관계를 가진 개인을 위한 CSR 척도 개발 58
• 1) CSR의 개념적 정의 59
• 2) 측정 항목의 개발 61
• 3) 측정항목의 정제 63
• 4) 신뢰성과 타당성 검증 66
• 5) 예측 타당성 검증 71
• 5. 결론 72
• 1) 연구 결과의 요약 72
• 2) 연구의 시사점 및 한계점 73
• Ⅳ. 연구 3 - 지각된 CSR 동기와 지각된 CSR 성과가 관계의 질에 미치는 영향 76
• 1. 연구 목적 76
• 2. 이론적 배경 77
• 1) 지각된 CSR 성과와 관계의 질의 관계 77
• 2) 지각된 CSR 성과와 지각된 CSR 동기 사이의 관계 78
• 3. 실증 연구 81
• 1) 자료 수집 및 분석방법 81
• 2) 변수의 조작적 정의 82
• 3) 신뢰성 및 타당성 분석 83
• 4) 가설 검증 결과 84
• 4. 결론 86
• 1) 연구 결과에 대한 논의 86
• 2) 연구의 시사점 88
• 3) 연구의 한계점 미래 연구 방향 89
• Ⅴ. 결론 91
• * 부록 93
• * 참고문헌 108