농촌노인의 자원봉사활동이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향 = A study on the effect of the rural old people's volunteering on their the life satisfaction

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 농촌노인의 자원봉사활동이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향을 고찰하기 위하여 경북 북부지역 200명을 대상으로 조사, 분석한 결과 요약은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 노인들로 하여금 관심 있는 영역을 이끌어내도록 조정해주는 역할이 필요하다. 이와 더불어 농촌 노인들이 봉사할 수 있는 다양한 영역을 개발하고, 노인의 특성과 자원봉사활동 참여 동기를 고려하여 적절한 배치가 중요하며, 은퇴한 노인들이 참여를 강화하기 위해서는 전문성을 지닌 자원봉사활동을 위해 안정적인 교육이 이루어 져야 할 것이다.
둘째, 농촌 노인의 자원봉사활동을 자주 참여하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 사회적 부정 인식을 바꾸고 자원봉사활동에 참여하는 노인들 스스로의 의식변화를 위해서 노인 자신이 사회에서 무엇인가를 할 수 있는 사람이라는 긍정적인 자아상을 확립하는 것이다.
셋째, 농촌 노인자원봉사활동을 위한 제도적 지원이 필요하다. 이를 위하여 저축제도와 보상제도는 농촌노인자원봉사자들의 사기를 높이고 활동의 동기를 부여시키는데 매우 필요한 것이다. 또한 정부는 농촌 노인자원봉사활동에 대한 재정적 지원이 미비한 현재와 상황에서 일시적인 제도 지원보다는 농촌 노인자원봉사활동의 활성화를 위해서 지속적으로 국가의 적극적인 개입과 정책적 배려가 절실히 필요하다.
넷째, 농촌노인의자원봉사활동이 지역사회 활성화를 위해 노인들의 자발적인 참여가 필요 하다. 노인들은 각자가 지니고 있는 독특한 경험과 적성, 자원 등으로 충분히 지역사회에서 그 역할을 해 낼 수 있는 시간과 능력이 많기 때문이다. 즉 자원봉사활동을 통한 노인들이 각종행사에 적극적으로 참여함으로써 좀 더 즐겁고 활기찬 노년의 삶을 보낼 수 있을 것이며, 지역사회에 발전에 일익을 담당할 수 있도록 긍지를 가지도록 해야 할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was performed to contribute to searching for a plan which enables improvement of life satisfaction through the voluntary service activities of the rural elderly residing in agricultural areas by finding the effects of voluntary service activities on life satisfaction of the elderly from the rural elderly participating in voluntary services.
The result summary of this study is as follow.
First, as for the general characteristics of the investigation subjects, females and the elderly with a low grader of scholarly attainments participated in the voluntary service activities. Their health status was fine and in spite of inconvenient health condition, many of the elderly kept the services. Regarding the economic level, many of the elderly perceived their economic status belonged to the middle class and it was analyzed a little difficult.
Second, the motive about the voluntary service activities was found positive and strong from the result of the average point of 3.2767 out of 5 which was a little higher than the middle value of 3. They have strong value and interest in the voluntary service activities and strong altruistic motive to help others but relatively weak motive about self-realization, religion and social relations.
Third, as for the analysis results of the period and field for the voluntary service activities, the period, hour and frequency showed a significant difference in groups and regarding the variables which showed differences in the general characteristics of the investigation subjects about the result, according to the status of spouse existence, the ratio of the voluntary service activities showed more significant difference in the subjects with a spouse than without a spouse. Namely, it was resulted that groups with a spouse have the voluntary service activities more frequently than groups without a souse. The fields of the voluntary service activities were normally composed of nonprofessional fields relatively compared to professional fields and as for the differences in the general characteristics of the investigation subjects, females showed a significant difference in the social welfare field than males and the rate of the high educated elderly was higher than that of the low educated elderly to show a significant difference.
Fourth, as a result of the analysis on compensation for the voluntary service activities, the lower the scholarly attainments are, the more they expect the compensation for the voluntary service activities and the compensation system according to the voluntary service activities didn't show a significant difference in the general characteristics of the elderly and they were generally satisfied with the compensation. As the economic level is low, dissatisfaction with the compensations was shown very strongly so that there was a significant difference in groups and the most expected compensation was minimum expenses or social recognition.
Fifth, regarding the correlation result among the variables related to life satisfaction of a dependent variable and voluntary service activities of an independent variable, the period and field of the life satisfaction and voluntary service activities was proved to have quantitative correlation with the variable of activity frequency but not to have it with the activity period, activity time and variety.
It was found that in the variables of the life satisfaction and voluntary service activities, the variable of heal changes, reduction of medical expenses has quantitative correlation so that there exists direction of direct proportion between the participation motive, activity frequency, compensation satisfaction, health changes, reduction of medical expenses of the life satisfaction and voluntary service activities but correlation doesn't exist with the variables of the activity period, activity time and variety.
Sixth, as a result of analysis on the factors of the voluntary service activities influencing the life satisfaction of the rural elderly as an independent variable and the life satisfaction as a dependent variable, the factors influencing the life satisfaction in model I general characteristics have a significant effect in scholarly attainments and health level. That is to say, the higher scholarly attainments are and the better the health status is, the more the life satisfaction of the elderly becomes and as for the result of the period and field of the voluntary service activities in model II, variety is influenced by the life satisfaction and the activity period, activity time and activity frequency have effects on the life satisfaction. In short, it was found that the stronger variety of professionalism and nonprofessionalism of the voluntary service activities are felt, the higher the life satisfaction of the elderly becomes. It was investigated that in the compensation result of the voluntary service activities in model III, the higher satisfaction about the compensation of the voluntary service activities is and the stronger the reduction of medical expenses is recognized through voluntary activities, the higher the life satisfaction of the elderly is improved. As for the analysis results of the participation motive of the voluntary service activities in model IV, the more positive and stronger the participation motive of the voluntary service activities, the higher the life satisfaction of the elder is improved.

Based on the results as above, considered the life satisfaction of the rural elderly, it is necessary for the government to pay more attention to policy support to make the voluntary service activities becomes the source of the elderly's joy for them to accomplish positive self-image as a person who can do something in a society for their own recognition change of the elderly who are participating in the voluntary service activities and change their social negative consciousness about the voluntary service activities by raising satisfaction about compensati

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론
• 1. 연구의 필요 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 4
• 3. 연구의 방법 및 한계 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• 1. 선행연구의 동향 6
• 2. 노인자원봉사활동의 의의 8
• 3. 노인자원봉사활동의 특성 9
• 4. 노인자원봉사활동의 필요성 11
• 5 노인의 자원봉사와 생활만족도 13
• Ⅲ. 조사 방법
• 1. 조사대상 22
• 2. 조사도구 22.
• 3. 자료수집 23
• 4. 자료분석 23
• Ⅳ. 조사결과 및 분석
• 1. 조사대상의 일반적 특성 24
• 2. 자원봉사활동의 동기와 생활만족 26
• 3. 자원봉사활동의 기간 및 분야와 생활만족도 29
• 4. 자원봉사활동 보상과 생활만족도 39
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론 53
• 1. 분석결과의 요약 53
• 2. 결 론 63
• 참고문헌 64
• Abstract 67
• 설문지 70