This research is to study the factors that affect the job satisfaction of Care Helpers who have received the national 'Care Helper Certificate' in accordance with the operation of long-term care insurance for senior citizens, and taking care of the ag...
This research is to study the factors that affect the job satisfaction of Care Helpers who have received the national 'Care Helper Certificate' in accordance with the operation of long-term care insurance for senior citizens, and taking care of the aged at sanitariums, short-term facilities, day and night care centers, or through home care. Moreover, the study aims to find out the influence of the factors and job satisfaction on their voluntary extra-role behavior.
To achieve these research purposes, research model and hypothesis were set through studies on records of job satisfaction and voluntary extra-role behavior, and was verified through empirical analysis. The survey was conducted from November 1 through November 29, 2009, targeting workers at sanitariums located in Seoul, Incheon(including Kangwha), and Kyonggi province; and Care Helpers who take care of senior citizens through home care.
Data was collected through survey of the 500 copies which were distributed through visiting relative agencies or mails, and a total of 437 copies were analyzed excluding improper answers out of the 457 collected copies. The data was analyzed with the frequency and statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis was using SPSS Win 12.0. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model testing was implemented using AMOS. Duncan test was conducted. The results are as follow.
First, from the analysis of the participants' personal reasons to social and demographic factors showed that variables such as sex, marriage, age, education, income, and religion were not statistically significant. Differences in job satisfaction were shown only according to personal characteristics such as working period and working motives.
Second, regression analysis on participants' environmental factors showed that acceptance of opinions and social awareness have positive influence in job satisfaction. Result of the regression analysis on the effect of distributive justice on job satisfaction showed that it is significant (p<.001).
Third, analysis on the effects of personal factors on voluntary extra-role behavior showed that sex, education, income, religion makes difference, and age does not.
Personal characteristics such as working period and working motives made significant difference in voluntary extra-role behavior. Moreover, regression analysis on participants' environmental factors showed that it always showed a positive correlation.
Through multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis on the effects of distributive justice on voluntary extra-role behavior, it was shown that work justice of distributive justice has a positive correlation between conscientious behavior, consideration, and voluntary action. Compensatory justice appeared to have a negative correlation with altruism and voluntary action. Like this, it shows that distributive justice generally has a significant influence on the sub-variables of voluntary extra-role behavior.
Fourth, correlation analysis between job satisfaction and voluntary extra-role behavior shows that job satisfaction has a positive correlation with altruism, conscientious behavior, gentle- manly behavior, consideration, voluntary action. Regression analysis showed that all the sub-variables were statistically significant and therefore, job satisfaction has a positive influence on voluntary extra-role behavior.
Fifth, The fit index of structural equation modeling were valid [X2=131.811 (df=79, p=.000), GFI(I(Goodness of fit index)=.926), AGFI(adjusted goodness of fit index)=.884), RMSEA(Root mean square error of approximation)=.055), NFI(Normed fit index)=.994), TLI(Tucker Lewis index)=.994), CFI(Comparative fit index)=.997)]. Also, Result of significance level test of path coefficients and potential variable were significant. So research hypotheses were supported.
Sixth, as a result of the analysis on the direct and indirect effect of how environmental factors and distributive justice influence voluntary extra-role behavior, direct effect was the highest and distributive justice appeared to have a negative influence. Among the factors, environmental factors appeared to be bigger in indirect effect on voluntary extra-role behavior from job satisfaction.
Lastly, the implications of this study is to contribute to efficient management in senior citizen care centers through the following significances. First, a proposal and verification of a structural model on the factors that influence voluntary extra-role behavior; second, necessity of human resource management for a more efficient operation; third, necessity of environmental factors that can induce job satisfaction and voluntary extra-role behavior.