초등학교 고학년 아동의 충동성과 인터넷의 중독적 사용과의 관계 : 대인관계의 매개효과 검증

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Relationship between Impulsiveness and Internet Addiction
in Elementary School Students:
Mediating Effects of Interpersonal Relations

Lee, Eun-Young
The Graduate School of
Duksung Woman's University

This study go to examine the relationship between impulsiveness and internet addiction and the relationship of the interpersonal relation to internet addiction as a mediating variable. The subjects in this study are 416 elementary school students sampled from two elementary schools which are located in Seoul.
The research questions that were established based on the review of the literature on the relationships between impulsiveness, interpersonal relations and internet addiction are as follows:
First, What are the relationships among impulsiveness, interpersonal relations, and internet addiction?
Second, to which degree impulsiveness and interpersonal relations explain internet addiction?
Third, Does the interpersonal relations mediate impulsiveness and internet addiction?
The instruments used in this study were Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, which was adapted by Lee Hyeon-su(1992), Self-Checklist of the internet addiction, which was developed by Korea agency for digital Opportunity & promotion(2002), and Self-Image Questionnaire for Young Adolescents, which was adapted by Lee Chun-jai(1991).
The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 . The Pearson's correlation analysis, step-wise regression analysis, and path analysis were conducted to examine the research questions.
To sum up the results of the study,
first, impulsiveness had a positive correlation with internet addiction, impulsiveness did a negative correlation with interpersonal relation, and interpersonal relations did a negative correlation with internet addiction. The results also showed significant positive correlations between the motor impulsiveness, the subcategory variable of impulsiveness, and internet addiction, but did not show significant correlations between the subcategory variables impulsiveness, cognitive impulsiveness and disturbance of reality testing, and internet addiction.
Second, according to the step-wise regression analysis, impulsiveness and interpersonal relations explain the 24% variance of the internet addiction the motor impulsiveness among subcategories of impulsiveness explain the variance of the internet addiction best.
Third, according to a path analysis to look into how the relations between impulsiveness and Internet addiction are mediated by interpersonal relations, the directive effect of impulsiveness on Internet addiction is found to be significant, but impulsiveness has a higher effect on Internet addiction according to the impact of interpersonal relations, which shows the mediating path of interpersonal relations is also significant.
Considering comprehensive findings, impulsiveness affects Internet addiction directly so it causes Internet addiction. However, this study implies that when adolescents don’t receive support from their family and peers due to impulsiveness and are denied and they perceive interpersonal relations negatively, they may do Internet activity as a compensation and become Internet addicts.

Keyword : Impulsiveness, Internet addiction, Interpersonal relations

국문 초록 (Abstract)

초등학교 고학년 아동의 충동성과 인터넷 중독과의 관계
: 대인관계의 매개효과 검증

심리학과 이 은영

본 연구는 서울에 소재한 2개 초등학교 5학년과 6학년 재학생 416명을 대상으로 하여 초등학교 고학년 아동의 충동성과 인터넷 중독의 관계에서 대인관계의 매개효과를 검토해 봄으로써 아동의 인터넷 중독 예방 및 치료의 임상적 개입 프로그램을 구성하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다.
이와 같은 목적에 따라 첫 번째로 충동성과 대인관계가 인터넷 중독과 어떤 관계를 가지는지 알아보고, 두 번째로 각 변인이 인터넷 중독을 설명하는 설명력의 크기를 살펴보는 것이었다. 마지막으로 충동성과 인터넷 중독의 관계를 대인관계가 매개하는 경로모형을 설계하고 검증하였다.
본 연구에서는 이현수(1992)가 번안한 Barratt 충동성(Barratt Impulsiveness Scale)검사Ⅱ(1969)판, 인터넷 중독예방상담센터에서 개발한 한국형 인터넷 중독 자가진단 검사(K-척도), 이춘재 등(1991)이 번안한 청소년용 자기-상 질문지(SIQYA)를 사용하였다.
수집된 자료들은 SPSS 12.0을 이용하여 상관분석, 단계적 회귀분석, 경로분석을 사용하여 분석하였으며 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
첫째, 상관분석 결과 충동성과 인터넷 중독에서 유의미한 정적상관을 보였고, 충동성과 인터넷 중독과 대인관계에서 유의미한 부적 상관을 보였다. 하위 요인별로 세부적으로 살펴본 결과에서는 인지 충동성과 현실구분장애간의 상관을 제외하고 모든 상관이 유의미하였다.
둘째, 단계적 회귀 분석을 실시하여 충동성, 대인관계가 인터넷 중독에 미치는 상대적 영향력을 살펴본 결과, 충동성 변인 중 인터넷 중독에 유의미한 영향력을 가지는 변인은 운동충동성으로 나타났으며, 대인관계 변인 중 가족관계와 친구관계 모두 인터넷 중독에 유의미한 영향력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.
셋째, 충동성과 인터넷 중독의 관계를 대인관계가 매개하는지 알아보기 위한 경로분석을 실시한 결과, 충동성이 인터넷 중독에 미치는 직접 효과도 유의미한 것으로 나타났지만, 대인관계가 매개하여 충동성이 인터넷 중독에 미치는 영향력이 더 큰 것으로 나타나 대인관계의 매개하는 경로도 유의미한 것으로 드러났다.
결과들을 종합하여 볼 때 충동성이 인터넷 중독에 직접적인 영향을 미쳐 인터넷 중독을 유발하기도 하지만, 충동성으로 인하여 가족과 또래에게서 지지받지 못하고, 거부당하며 대인관계를 더욱 부정적으로 지각하게 될 때, 이에 대한 보상행동으로 인터넷을 하는 행동이 유발되어 인터넷 중독에 빠질 수 있음을 시사한다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문요약······················································································ⅴ
• Ⅰ. 서론 ·······················································································1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 ···········································································1
• 2. 연구 문제 ················································································5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ···············································································6
• 1. 충동성······················································································6
• 1) 충동성의 개념···········································································6
• 2) 충동성 유형·············································································7
• 3) 충동적인 아동의 특징··································································8
• 2. 인터넷 중독···············································································9
• 1) 인터넷 중독 개념·······································································9
• 2) 인터넷 중독 원인······································································11
• (1) 이용자의 특성·······································································12
• (2) 환경적요인···········································································12
• 3) 인터넷 중독 현황······································································13
• 4) 초등학생 아동의 인터넷 중독 특성·················································14
• 3. 대인관계··················································································15
• 1) 가족관계················································································15
• 2) 친구관계················································································16
• 4. 충동성과 인터넷 중독과의 관계······················································18
• 5. 충동성과 대인관계······································································20
• 6. 대인관계와 인터넷 중독과의 관계····················································20
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 ·················································································23
• 1. 연구 대상 ················································································23
• 2. 연구 도구··················································································23
• 1) 충동성 ···················································································23
• 2) 인터넷 중독 척도 ······································································24
• 3) 대인관계·················································································26
• (1) 가족관계···············································································27
• (2) 친구관계···············································································28
• 4. 연구절차 ··················································································28
• 5. 자료처리···················································································28
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과··················································································30
• 1. 인터넷 사용의 일반적 경향···········································