Hotel industry is one of the labor intense industries based on its employees' individual service. Although it plays extremely an important role in service industries, most hotels do not offer sufficient career development and professional training pr...
Hotel industry is one of the labor intense industries based on its employees' individual service. Although it plays extremely an important role in service industries, most hotels do not offer sufficient career development and professional training programs for employees in their bakeries. Providing those programs well influences not only on its manpower, technical, and sales field but also on the reconsideration of their image; however, hotels nowadays still do not recognize the importance of those training programs for their human resources development. To acquire skills, it takes lots of efforts and time for the employees in bakeries, especially. Also, if they do not get continuous career development and professional training programs to improve those skills, it would eventually result in lower product quality and productivity though it will surely vary in each individual's capability. This means that, even though hotels hired quality talent, the employees would not be able to keep themselves technically and functionally skillful enough without new career development and professional training programs. It could harm employee satisfaction measurement, customer satisfaction measurement, and the image of hotels in the end.
From this point of view, this study analyses the career development programs designed for them, the difference of average professional training, and the effect of those programs and training on job satisfaction and efficiency in order to suggest a way for designing and offering good training programs. Its documentary study is based on information from books, theses, newspapers, and the internet to systematize theories of career development and training and to understand the trend of previous studies on career development, professional training, job satisfaction and efficiency.
Its empirical study involves a questionnaire which is on the basis of characteristics and variables from the previous studies and the documentary study and which asks respondents to mark their answers to the questions by themselves. Employees in bakeries of 15 five-star hotels which are located in Seoul responded to the survey for a month from August 10th to September 10th, 2008. Total 350 sets of the questionnaire were given to them and 312 sets(89.1% of return rate) were returned. Finally, 277 sets were analysed for this study and the rest of them, 35 sets, were excluded as they were not appropriate for the analysis.
One of the statistical analysis systems, SPSS Windows Version 12.0, is used to analyse the questionnaires, and, with frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis, the following is the result of the analysis.
First, the inspection of different effect on career development programs and professional training for the employees in hotel bakeries in accordance with their characteristics results in that it works better for male workers, married workers, employees in a chain hotel's bakery, employees who studied baking, workers who studied abroad, workers who are over 30, employees with B.A. or more, assistant managers or higher position workers, and employees who have worked more than 11 years. However, the effect of professional training according to work types turns out that it is not quite meaningful statistically.
Second, the result shows that male workers, chain hotel bakery employees, workers who are over 30, and assistant managers or higher position workers tend to make more efforts for their career development. On the other hand, it tells that marriage, study on baking, study abroad, academic background, position, duties, work type, and work history do not affect primary factors of the career development among those employees.
Third, the result tells us that both the effect of the training and career development factors affect the employees' job efficiency and devotion for the organization positively. Also those two influence the employees' devotion for their jobs positively as well and these devotion for the organization and their jobs turn out to be the effective factors for the devotion for the job positively.
This result means that the importance of the training should be emphasized more, what is taught should be beneficial to operate the job site, and the training should be programed to be useful for the actual work. In other words, the result suggests that hotels should give active long-term feasible attention and support to the career development and the professional training for the employees in bakeries.
Fourth, the workers in hotel bakeries need to work hard for their efficient career development in order to do their work well in accordance with diversified, quality, and specialized circumstances more and more. Especially, as the jobs in bakeries require expertise, they should plan their career constantly and carry out the plan to keep their position well at work.
Fifth, employees who are satisfied with their job in bakeries are more likely to strengthen activities of the organization and maintain good relationships with others at work. This study also shows that they contribute to hotels' earning higher profits, enlarging customer loyalty by serving the customers highly, and increasing productivity as they decrease workers' turnover in bakeries.
Sixth, it is found that the employees in bakeries, who take continuous professional training and try hard to develop their career and themselves, are satisfied with their job more than the others and it also leads them to great job efficiency.
Through this study, it is clearly shown that there should be more attention to workers in a kitchen, who are acknowledged as experts, especially to workers in bakeries in order to get better strategies for achieving competitiveness in the hotel industry. Furthermore, for the lasting effect of the workers' job satisfaction and efficiency through the career development and training programs, the hotels should have a