정신요양시설 거주 정신장애인의 삶에 대한 만족에 영향을 미치는 요인 = Factors affecting life satisfaction of people with mental disabilities who live in institutions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this research was to find out which factors had significant influences on life satisfaction of people with mental disabilities who live in institutions, and to examine relative importances of the factors in determining life satisfaction of the people.
A total of 299 participants from four institutions in ChoongBuk Province participated in this research. A questionnaire was administered to measure the following variables: demographical characteristics(sex, age, religion, education level, state of marriage), institution-related factors(duration of the admission, diagnosis, religious activity, program participation, leave out frequency, type of ward), social support(emotional, evaluational, informational, and material), and psychological factors(self-esteem, depression, insight).

The results of the present research are summarized as follows:

First, demographical characteristics in general had little influences on the level of the participants' life satisfaction.
Second, among the institution-related factors, 'duration of the admission', 'religious activities', 'program participation' and 'leave out frequency' were shown to be the significant factors that affected life satisfaction of the participants. The participants who have been living in an institution for a short(less than 5 years) or a very long(more than 10 years) time of period were more satisfied with their lives than those who have been in the institution for 5 to 10 years. Those who have been actively involved in religious activities and programs provided by the institutions were experiencing greater satisfaction with their lives than those who have not. Also, people who had more freedom to go outside showed higher level of life satisfaction.
Third, the results showed that, compared to demographical and institution-related factors, social support and psychological factors had much greater influences on life satisfaction of the participants. Different types of social support were found to affect varying domains of life, but overall, the ones who received more social support showed higher satisfaction with their lives. Among psychological factors, 'self-esteem' and 'insight' in particular proved to be of important factors that influenced life satisfaction of people with mental disabilities who reside in institutions. Depression had relatively little influence.
Finally, among various domains of life, people with mental disabilities participated in this research were the most satisfied in the domain of 'leisure activities' and were the least satisfied in the domain of 'relationship'. However, the 'leisure activities' domain had little effect on overall life satisfaction of the participants, whereas the 'relationship' domain was found to have substantial influences on their overall satisfaction with their lives. This finding suggests that increasing satisfaction in the domain of 'relationship' would be an effective strategy for boosting up overall life satisfaction of the people living in institutions with much restrictions in terms of social relationships with other people.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 3
• Ⅱ. 이론적 논의 및 선행연구 고찰 4
• 1. 정신장애인에 대한 이해 4
• 1) 정신장애인의 개념 4
• 2) 정신장애인의 특성 6
• 2. 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인 8
• 1) 사회적지지 8
• 2) 자아존중감 11
• 3) 우울감 13
• 4) 병식 15
• 3. 삶의 만족도 17
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 22
• 1. 조사대상 22
• 2. 측정도구 23
• 1) 사회적 지지 척도 23
• 2) 자아존중감 척도 23
• 3) 우울 척도 24
• 4) 병식 척도 24
• 5) 삶의 만족도 척도 24
• 6) 설문지 구성 26
• 3. 자료 분석 방법 27
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 29
• 1. 조사대상자의 인구사회학적 및 정신요양시설관련 요인 29
• 2. 삶의 만족도와 영향요인에 대한 기술통계 분석 32
• 1) 사회환경요인에 대한 기술통계 분석 33
• 2) 개인ㆍ심리요인(자아존중감, 우울감, 병식)에 대한 기술통계 분석 34
• 3. 인구사회학적 요인과 정신요양시설관련 요인이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향 34
• 1) 인구사회학적 요인에 따른 삶의 만족도 34
• 2) 정신요양시설관련 요인에 따른 삶의 만족도 35
• 4. 사회환경요인과 개인ㆍ심리요인이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향 37
• 5. 사회환경요인, 개인ㆍ심리요인, 인구사회학적 및 정신요양시설관련 요인이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 상대적 영향력 39
• 1) 상관관계 분석 39
• (1) 인구사회학적 및 정신요양시설관련 요인과 삶의 영역별 만족도 간의 상관관계 39
• (2) 사회환경요인 및 개인ㆍ심리요인과 삶의 영역별 만족도 간의 상관관계 40
• (3) 삶의 영역별 만족도 간의 상관관계 41
• 2) 회귀분석 42
• (1) 본 연구에서 측정한 모든 요인이 영역별 만족도와 전체 만족도에 미치는 상대적 영향력 42
• (2) 영역별 만족도가 전체 만족도에 미치는 상대적 영향력 46
• Ⅴ. 논의 47
• 1. 인구사회학적 및 정신요양시설관련 요인의 영향력 47
• 2. 사회환경 요인과 개인ㆍ심리 요인의 영향력 49
• 3. 삶의 영역별 만족도와 전체 만족도 50
• Ⅵ. 결론 52
• 참고문헌 55
• ABSTRACT 60
• 부록(설문지) 63