가족미술치료가 입양가정 아동의 문제행동 변화에 대한 효과성 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

문제행동을 가진 입양가정의 아동을 대상으로 가족미술치료를 실시하여 가족미술치료가 문제행동변화에 효과가 있는지 사례를 통해 변화를 알아보고자 하였다.
입양가정의 입양아동은 6세로 우울과 불안, 위축, 공격성과 가족 간의 부적절한 관계로 문제행동을 보였으며, 입양가정의 친생아동은 13세로 우울과 불안, 위축, 비행과 공격성, 가족 간의 부정적인 관계형성으로 인하여 본 연구자에게 의뢰되었다. 아동의 대한 측정도구로는 양적검사인 행동평가척도(K-CBCL)를 실시하였으며, 투사검사인 인물화 검사, 나무검사를 실시하였다. 또한, 입양아동에게는 애착검사(BND), 친생아동에게는 동적 가족화(KFD)를 사전·사후·추후로 실시하였다.
가족미술치료 실시기간은 2008년 7월에 시작하여 2008년 12월까지 진행되었으며 주 1회 약 60∼80분씩 17회기를 계획하고 진행하였다. 추후검사는 약 6개월 후에 이루어졌으며, 아동들의 행동변화를 알아보고자 몇 차례의 만남이 이루어졌다. 입양가정의 아동은 가족미술치료 진행과정 중 억압되었던 부정적인 감정을 표출하고, 자신의 욕구와 바램을 표현하여 이에 연구자는 지지와 공감 특히 억압되었던 분노의 감정을 표출하는데 중점을 두어 활동을 진행하였다. 또한, 입양아동과 친생아동을 비롯하여, 가족 간의 긍정적인 상호작용을 통하여 문제행동 감소와 친밀한 관계를 형성하는데 목적을 두었다.
가족미술치료가 입양아동의 문제행동에 미치는 효과에 대한 연구결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 가족미술치료가 입양가정 입양아동의 문제행동 변화에 효과가 있었다. 이는 행동평가척도(K-CBCL)검사를 통해 나타난 문제행동 임상범위인 위축, 우울과 불안, 공격성의 점수가 감소되었으며, 가족미술치료 활동으로 우울과 불안의 감정을 미술매체를 통해 부담 없이 표출하였다. 또한, 가족을 객관적으로 바라보면서 자신에 대해 잘못 인지된 부분을 인정하고 가족 간의 긍정적인 관계를 형성하여 위축감소 변화를 볼 수 있었다.
둘째, 가족미술치료가 입양가정 친생아동의 문제행동 변화에 효과가 있었다. 이는 행동평가척도(K-CBCL)검사를 통해 나타난 문제행동 임상범위인 위축, 우울과 불안, 비행과 공격성의 점수가 감소되었으며, 가족미술치료 활동으로 우울과 불안, 억압되었던 부정적인 감정을 표출하였고,
가족 간의 상호작용을 통하여 공격성 감소와 긍정적인 가족관계로 변화된 것을 볼 수 있었다.
그러나 본 연구의 진행도중 연구대상자의 주변 환경적 요인과 기질적 요인 등 여러 가지 제반 원인에 따라 연구 대상자의 작업 활동이 때론 의욕적이고 에너지가 있었지만, 때론 가족 간의 갈등으로 감정변화가 생겨 치료자와의 상담과 작업 활동이 달라짐을 볼 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구를 일반화 하는 데는 한계점이 있음을 명시한다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 감사의 글
• 표목차 ········································································· ⅲ
• 그림목차 ········································································ⅴ
• 논문개요 ········································································ⅵ
• 제 1 장 서 론
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ·············································1
• 제2절 연구문제 ······························································5
• 제3절 용어정의 ······························································5
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경
• 제1절 입양의 정의 및 특성 ················································9
• 제2절 입양의 현황과 문제점 ·············································18
• 제3절 입양가정의 문제행동 ··············································28
• 제4절 가족미술치료 ·······················································30
• 제5절 선행연구 ····························································34
• 제 3 장 연구방법
• 제1절 연구대상······························································37
• 제2절 측정도구······························································39
• 제3절 연구절차······························································46
• 제4절 자료분석······························································50
• 제 4 장 연구결과
• 제1절 가족미술치료가 입양가정 입양아동의 문제행동
• 변화 ··································································52
• 제2절 가족미술치료가 입양가정 친생아동의 문제행동
• 변화 ··································································52
• 제3절 입양가정 아동의 미술치료 회기별 분석 ························69
• 제 5 장 논의 ·································································94
• 제 6 장 결론 ································································100
• 참고문헌 ·····································································102
• 부록 1 ········································································109
• 부록 2 ········································································115
• ABSTRACT ·································································117