This thesis analyzes the mechanism of formation for governmental discourse on youth Baek-su(jobless person) and his or her various practical strategies, using concept of ‘governmentality’. Modern governmentality gives individuals greater autonomy ...
This thesis analyzes the mechanism of formation for governmental discourse on youth Baek-su(jobless person) and his or her various practical strategies, using concept of ‘governmentality’. Modern governmentality gives individuals greater autonomy in their own lives, so makes them choose by themselves and be responsible for their choice. In response, youth Baek-su tries to overcome unemployment through self-help. However, their self-help practices have different styles and this fact offers the clues which can catch success and failure(crack) of governmentality. This study points out the weakness of old-fashioned governmentality studies, which cannot look into cracks and conflicts within governmentality. Also, it proposes the alternative of that weakness, that is, ‘realist governmentality approach’ which includes ethnographic methods.
Governmental agencies which consist of enterprise, university and state organization label youth Baek-su as ‘heteronomous, irresponsible and incompetent person’ by using technologies of domination. Furthermore, they form discourse that youth Baek-su could overcome unemployment, if he or she became ‘autonomous and responsible warrior’ through self-help. Youth Baek-su characterizes different self-help styles, responding to this governmental discourse. This study sorts youth Baek-su into 'Baek-su entering the labor market' and 'Baek-su leaving from the labor market', and analyzes their technologies of the self into knowing oneself, controlling oneself, caring oneself and (re)creating oneself. ‘Depression’ of 'Baek-su entering' and ‘justification of leaving through self-help’ of 'Baek-su leaving' are representative examples of the cracks of governmentality. However, the fact that symptoms of cracks are recognized as an individual problem implies that governmentality influence is still valid.
This study cannot discover the potential of resistance which helps escaping from self-help governmentality. However, it develops the serious ‘critique’ of modern governmentality by capturing ungovernable symptoms. The study has significance in revealing various practical strategies of youth Baek-su regarding modern governmentality, which emphasizes individual autonomy and responsibility, through this critique.