만다라를 통한 감사교육프로그램개발 및 효과 = The Program Development of Education for Gratitude by Mandala and Effects

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the study is to develop education for gratitude by mandala for improving the happier psychology of Korean adult on the view of the counselling education. The questions of the study are as follow;

Question 1: Can the program development of education for gratitude by mandala for Korean Adult be created?

Question 2: Will the effects be verified when the developed program is implemented ?

2-1 . Will the tendency of gratitude of the group who involves education for gratitude be improved as compared to the control group?

2-2. Will the self-esteem of the group who involves education for gratitude be improved as compared to the control group?

2-3. Will the relationship of the group who involves education for gratitude be improved as compared to the control group?

2-4 Will the depression of the group who involves education for gratitude be improved as compared to the control group?

The methods of documentary research and experimental study are used. At first, the definition of the gratitude and the effects on tendency of gratitude, self-esteem and relationship to know how to support our life is examined in documentary research. Next, the process of gratitude, the developmental stage, the education of gratitude. The existing programs which are the part about Susim of Dongsasub, the power of gratitude and Naikan Counselling are compared because there is no specific method of the process of gratitude. In the development of gratitude, this study considers social cognitive development, spiritual development and change theory because there is no the model of developmental gratitude. This is all about theoretical background.
Moreover, The implementation of gratitude program is connected with Mandala. The active participation, activity, and expression of practitioners are important elements to improve the efficiency of learning. Even though the theoretical understanding of gratitude is important, to put it in action is more important. Therefore, the mandala which has the educational, psychological, and religious similarities are used in this study. Mandala could be the simple circle, but it means the achievement of the source in Sanskrit. Jung declared that mandala is the tool for integrating the self. Everyone can express mandala easily. It also has visionary effects and helps them perceive, contol, prepare and awake. As you see, this program is prepared based on this theoretical background. The preliminary experiment was implemented for the practical use. After the effect of The preliminary experiment had been redeemed, this program was completed.
To verify the effect on this program, education for gratitude by mandala was practiced to the experimental group, 12 adults who live in C city. The effect was verified through the experimental group which measured tendency of gratitude, self-esteem, relationship, depression and the control group. The experimental effect says that tendency of gratitude, self-esteem and relationship was improved, but this program is ineffective to depression. This study was practiced for 6 weeks. Actually, depression put the emotion that is not released for a long time, so it should be expressed for an enough time, and then it will be released. Therefore, The negative effect on depression make you consider the positive process that release the suppressed feelings. That is why it has a good effect on depression.
As above, the program development of education for gratitude by Mandala is appropriated for improving the happier psychology of Korean adult on the view of the counselling education.