The purpose of this study is to interpret the meaning of 'Imssisamdaerok' through the female characters in this full-length novel written in Korean(Hangeul) which was very popular in the 18th and 19th century. 'Imssisamdaerok' was written in the 18th ...
The purpose of this study is to interpret the meaning of 'Imssisamdaerok' through the female characters in this full-length novel written in Korean(Hangeul) which was very popular in the 18th and 19th century. 'Imssisamdaerok' was written in the 18th century as a sequel to the novel 'Seonghyungongsookryeolgi' and was widely read till 19th century.
'Imssisamdaerok' shows the concerns about how to maintain a successful family. This novel describes how the family members of Im Family keep the stability of their family. They try to solve the problems between wives and concubines as well as the problems between husbands and wives. 'Imssisamdaerok' based on the characters of the first novel 'Seonghyungongsookryeolgi', lively describes the characters shown in 'Guwoonmong', the full-length novel written in Korean(Hangeul) in previous century, and 'Pyeongyojeon', the fantasy novel of China.
The characters of each generation in 'Imssisamdeerok' show typicality. The characters of parents' generation play the role of advisors to their sons and daughters. The male characters of this novel rarely reveal their desires for love. On the other hand, female characters express their desires for love very actively and take the leading part of the events.
The female characters in 'Imssisamdaerok' can be categorized according to the expressions of their desires for love. Characters that express their desires for love become lovesick and obsessed with love despite the fact that they are the upper classes. These characters play the most active role in getting rid of concubines after becoming members of the family. As they feel that they do not get enough love, they commit adultery, leave the family and rise in revolt against the country.
Females who conceal their desires for love enter into matrimony that was set by the family. These characters observe the decorums and tighten up the rank and hold concubines in check by keeping certain distance with them. These females get out of family because of the concubines but learn Taoist magic and become heroines. They distinguish themselves by suppressing the rebel army and also save the lives of their partners
Female characters who eliminate their desires for love live the lives of the people of the lowest classes although they are born in the upper classes. They try to survive through beating 'Deungmungo(a large drum that was hung at the public places for the purpose of allowing the citizenry to make their complaints known directly to the governor or King)' or reporting ones disguising their identities. They enter the family as concubines and internalize the rank system.
Female characters leading the marriage in 'Imssisamdaerok' try to find a way for lives independent from the family. Women who use their resourcefulness and return to the family try to maintain the stability of the family and enhance the self-regard within the family. Females trying to find a way for survival have desire to recover their original status.
'Imssisamdaerok' suggests restraining desire for love, respecting one's wife and intimately banding the whole family together to the readers as the ways of maintaining the stability of the family. Such suggestion might be the answer for the universal worries that upper classes of the Joseon dynasty in 18th and 19th century might have had. Restraining women's desire was necessary for the stability of life in the society where concubinage was allowed. At the same time, it is also universal to choose partners who would help keep the stability of the family through marriage in political ups and downs of politics.
'Imssisamdaerok' reveals the thought of the author that one can become a member of a family only when one eliminates one's desire for love. This work disciplines females who does not do that. The family admits only those women who eliminate their love and internalize the rank with the wives. Male characters in this work appear when they punish the women who favor sexual love. This feature of males punishing females is a strategy of the author trying to confirm their authority in patriarchy.
'Imssisamdaerok' suggests reinforcing the status of wives and having close links with in-laws as another ways of maintaining the stability of the family. The author views clarifying the rank between wives and concubines as an important strategy of stabilizing the family. Also, he emphasizes the role of wives in keeping the stability of the family. At one time, he suggests having close likes with in-laws as a way of stabilizing the family in external crisis.
Sensational factors are widely scattered in 'Imssisamdaerok'. The author takes the strategy of doubling the interest by intensifying good vs. evil structure through female characters. At the same time he highlights popularity of this work by setting the female characters to act against the norms. Instead of adding more interest, the clear opposition between good and evil blocks out the reflective thinking about the contradictions of concubinage embedded in the conflict between the wives and concubines. Making sexual love or murder of females into scenes arouses sensuality and lasciviousness. Also, women's use of Taoist magic and drama creates amusing and entertaining pleasure.
The significance of 'Imssisamdaerok' in the history of novel is that it is the work which not only individualizes female characters but also intensifies importance of them in Korean full-length novel. Also, women becoming lovesick after seeking for love shows similar aspect and feature of male characters in Korean full-length novel or fictions. Individualization of female figures shows that this work pays particular attention to individual lives of women and also continuously describes such lives, unlike other works. Besides, this work signifies the role of female figures that they actually lead the events. Although this work is called 'Imssisamdaerok', real actors who lead the events are female characters surrounding males of Im family. Female figures in this work not only lead the events but also absorb typical roles of male figures.
Another significance of 'Imssisamdaerok' in the history of novel is that this work boosts popularity through female characters. This is rarely seen in early Korean full-length novels. Korean full-length novel enjoyed its popularity from the late 17th century to 19th century, for about 250 years. In later periods, more and more works of various features and characteristics appeared. Korean full-length novels in the early period can be seen as the readings which did not abandon elegant esthetic sense and showed trivial laughter at the same time. These novels are succeeded by branches of works with various esthetic senses in later periods, and one of the branches sought for sensational amusement, just like 'Imssisamdaerok'.
This research has focused on female characters in 'Imssisamdaerok'. This study deduced the meaning of this work by analyzing the intention of the author by exploring different aspects of female figures with diverse desires in terms of how he deals with such desires. Besides, this study also examined how the work attempted to widen the range of popularity by inducing amusement through the female figures. This research revealed that 'Imssisamdaerok' shapes female characters as individual characters, signifies their importance and yields popular aesthetic sense through such mechanism. Consequently, 'Imssisamdaerok' is expected to specify the contour map of the history of the 18th century Korean full-length novel.