The purpose of this thesis is to study on the construction procedure of the meaning of cosmetic surgery and cosmetic surgery subject through the genealogical analysis in relation with the argument of cosmetic surgery addiction and the self-narrative a...
The purpose of this thesis is to study on the construction procedure of the meaning of cosmetic surgery and cosmetic surgery subject through the genealogical analysis in relation with the argument of cosmetic surgery addiction and the self-narrative analysis of the controversial "surgery junky", "Seonpunggi Ajumma(Madam Fan)" Hyekyeong Han's case.
This study indicates that cosmetic surgery is not merely a by-product of obsession to beauty ideals and that it can be classified as a kind of subjectivation procedure which power creates in order to invent and govern the self. Thus, this study suggests a new feminist agenda about building and problemizing the meaning of cosmetic surgery.
In 2004, Media covers an issue that implies that there are two binary views on cosmetic surgery: cosmetic surgery as a practice of self-care, of which Juhyeon Ok is a typical example, and pernicious cosmetic surgery addiction, of which "Seonpunggi Ajumma(Madam Fan)" stands as a symbol. Then, why does the former receive a positive attention as a good carer and the latter get brutally criticized as a cosmetic surgery addict? What is the implication and effect of this differentiation? How could feminism get involved in the problem of cosmetic surgery in this argument structure? This study was initiated from questioning this contradiction that recent views on cosmetic surgery show.
A few feminists gave a limited agreement with the view that cosmetic surgery improves the quality of women's life by enhancing their self-esteem, whereas most feminists, who think that the cause of cosmetic surgery is gendered beauty ideals, emphasized that women have their own ego which is oppressed by social norms on beauty and gender. However, both perspectives on cosmetic surgery have the same framework of addiction discourse in that they focus on women's ego. The feminists with critical view on cosmetic surgery insisted that the cause of addiction be the patriarchal society, especially when women extremely submit themselves to it. On the other hand, the feminists, who agree on self-respecting aspect of cosmetic surgery, eventually became captured by the commercialism of cosmetic surgery industry.
Hyekyeong Han, who is named a 'surgery junky' by media, is explained in two ways. One is that her mentality was enslaved to beauty ideal ideology, and the other is that she ended up with grotesque look resulting from cosmetic surgery addiction. Both her deteriorated mentality by beauty ideal and her grotesque face utterly isolated from the society were finally determined to get 'rebuilt' by psychological manner for the former and another series of cosmetic surgeries for the latter.
Hyekyeong Han is regarded as a possessor of passive self that is enslaved to conception in the discourse where the cause of cosmetic surgery is based upon the mental pressure of beauty ideal. The effort to separate the pursuit of beauty from the meaning of cosmetic surgery has been made since 1990. And the cosmetic surgery subject who pursues the beauty standard has been considered to be cosmetic surgery addict who should be mentally cured since 2000. The essence of cosmetic surgery is to maximize the individuality of each self. Suggesting the new idea, 'self construction through body', the cosmetic surgery required women to participate in it with creativity.
Addiction discourse emphasizes that the important measure of cosmetic surgery addiction is the fact that Hyekyeong Han is the mental slave of beauty ideal. However, more important reason for regarding that she is a cosmetic surgery addict is the monster-like image of her face, in fact. Recognizing that the 'monster' face was 'the side effect of cosmetic surgery', people began to be interested in the side effect of it. "Cosmetic surgery addiction" coupled with "arguments about cosmetic surgery side effects" made people assume that side effects should solely be caused by the individual's fault. Initiated from Hyekyeong Han's case, this side effect issue extended to a point where it eventually promotes the authority of dominant discourse.
Hyekyeong Han's self-narrative shows the dynamics of her life strategies as a cosmetic surgery subject. She showed double strategies in her narrative: as a cosmetic surgery addict on the one hand and as an individual experiencing the cosmetic surgery on the other. Consequently, she created the meaning of cosmetic surgery experience with flexibility not only conspiring to the hegemonic discourse but also escaping from the dominant norm. The reason she could be classified as a cosmetic surgery addict was that she ironically represented the technologies of the self extremely, which are considered to be the essential factor of desirable cosmetic surgery. The cosmetic surgery becoming the extreme practice of self-care, Hyekyeong Han was faithful to the social norm of 'technologies of the self' and rescued herself from the societal norm in terms of cosmetic surgery as well. Hyekyeong Han's technologies of the self paradoxically prove the fabrication of the cosmetic surgery addiction discourse which categorizes the cosmetic surgery itself.