중학생의 자아탄력성과 스트레스 및 우울의 관계 = (The) Relationship between Middle School Students' Ego-Resilience and Their Stress and Depression

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to make a contribution to the healthy growth and development of adolescents by examining relations between their ego-resilience and their stress and depression. For that purpose, the two following research questions were set:
1. Is there any relation between middle school students' ego-resilience and stress?
2. Is there any relation between middle school students' ego-resilience and depression?
Based on the concerned theories, the two following hypotheses were set:

<Hypothesis 1> The group of high ego-resilience will have less stress than that of low ego-resilience.

<Hypothesis 2> The group of high ego-resilience will have less depression than that of low ego-resilience.

To test those hypotheses, the investigator administered the ego-resilience, stress, and depression inventory to 198 seventh graders in a middle school located in Cheongju City. The ego-resilience inventory employed in the study was developed by Park Eun-hee(1997) based on the researches by O'Connell-Higgins(1983) and Block and Kremen(1996). The stress level was measured with the Questionnaire of Stress Coping for College Students developed by Choi Hae-rim(1986), reconstructed revised by Shim Yeong-hun(1998) to fit middle school students, and revised and supplemented by Shin Nan-su(2001). And the depression level was measured with Children's Depression Inventory(CDI) developed by Kovacs(1981) and translated into Korean by Han, Yu-jin.
Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 17.0 program.
Testing the hypotheses led to the following conclusions:
First, relations between the subjects' ego-resilience and stress were examined. As a result, there were close relations between the overall ego-resilience and stress level. The group of high ego-resilience exhibited a very low level of stress. The group of higher ego-resilience had less stress than that of lower ego-resilience in all the subfactors of ego-resilience except for curiosity. Among the subfactors of stress, only interpersonal relationships had no connection with overall ego-resilience.
And second, the relations between the subjects' ego-resilience and depression were investigated. The results reveal that there were very close relations between the overall ego-resilience and depression level. The group of high ego-resilience showed a very low level of depression. The group of higher ego-resilience suffered less depression than that of lower ego-resilience in all the subfactors of ego-resilience except for emotional control and curiosity.
The results clearly point to the close relations between the subjects' ego-resilience and their stress and depression. They also predict that ego-resilience may serve as a mediator for middle school students' stress and depression, which suggests that the stress and depression level can be lowered by increasing ego-resilience.
In modern society, stress and depression are inevitable. Going through many physical and mental development, adolescents are especially subject to much stress and depression. Given that adaptability varies among individuals, it's necessary to help them grow their internal strength to cope with unavoidable stress and depression in flexible and effective ways and to accept them in rational and positive manners. It's up to grown-ups to educate them in a way that they can develop their own resilient ego, which has the ability to return to the old adaptation level after hardship, and make good adjustments to the times.
Both families and schools, therefore, should search for and apply plans to improve ego-resilience in adolescents throughout their adolescency so that their stress and depression can be prevented or treated.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구문제 5
• 3. 용어정의 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 8
• 1. 자아탄력성 8
• 2. 스트레스 16
• 3. 우울 24
• 4. 자아탄력성, 스트레스, 우울의 관계 30
• 5. 가설 32
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 33
• 1. 연구대상 33
• 2. 검사도구 33
• 3. 자료처리 38
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 39
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 55
• 참고문헌 62
• 영문초록 66
• 부록 70