The major interests in the related industry lie in how they can make advertisements to be positioned in the memory of consumers as well as how effectively they can lead consumers to pay their visual attention to advertisements as the creative expressi...
The major interests in the related industry lie in how they can make advertisements to be positioned in the memory of consumers as well as how effectively they can lead consumers to pay their visual attention to advertisements as the creative expressions have become easier along the expansion of size for the external advertisements on bus. From the perspective of advertising and marketing, the visual attention is one of the elements for the effective advertisement. Any advertisement that fails to draw the visual attention when consumer contact any advertisement will be turned down by consumers with few future effects on the advertisement as well. Accordingly, the objectives of this study have the significance for the important determinants in the advertisement marketing to see how those elements in the advertising expressions should be used and what elements in the advertising expressions would remain in the memory since the initial visual attention is the factor to trigger the entire cognitive processes in the advertising effects. Accordingly, this study aims; first, at identifying the advertising effects through measuring the perception of consumers to the advertisements on bus; second, at analyzing the favorable advertisements and expressive elements by the measurements on the favorable impression; and third, at suggesting the expressive elements for the external advertisements on bus in a creative manner by identifying relationships after applying the advertisements on transportation established by this researcher to the classification table of expressive elements through analyzing the recall and recognition of expressive elements as well as the name of advertisements after the final sampling. In order to solve these research issues, the following findings can be summarized from four questionnaire surveys.
First, most respondents replied that they look at the advertisements on bus for the degree of contact, as a result of consumer cognitive measurement for the advertisements on bus, with the most number of response to 'While Walking' as the contact place. Men showed a higher response than women for the degree of interests. This result implies that men with more social activities show a higher need of information, which can be considered as it is necessary to expose the advertisements to provide more information on products or service industries for consumers. For the intention to purchase products or use services after they are exposed to the advertisements on bus, more than half of respondents showed a positive response with a higher ratio for men than women and for consumers in 50s in terms of the age. Considering more frequency of advertisements related to the medical service in comparison of current status in the frequency of exposure to the advertisement by business type, the use ratio of medical facilities for 50s is thought to be higher, which would result in effects in the advertisement related to the medical facilities from the perspective of the advertising effects on bus. A relatively higher ratio of responses from consumers, who responded to 'Helpful' to the product and brand in the resulting perception is attributable to the repetitive exposure effects as the advantage in the advertisement on transportation, which is thought to have different characteristics from the broadcasting media in that the advertisement can be seen repeatedly, as well as from the print media including newspapers and magazines in that the receiving entities cannot control the exposure on their own ways. A relatively higher result of response to 'Helpful' to what extent the advertisement could contribute to the corporate image was shown as a result of analysis. As a result of analysis on what extent the advertisement can be recalled after they were exposed to the advertisement on bus, the responses to 'The Entire Advertisement is Remembered' and 'The Advertisement is Remembered to the Extent of Image' showed a very high result of 80%. This implies a result that a valid motivation is given to the experiment about what elements in the advertising expressions show a high ratio of reminding in the recognition and recall as the objective of this study. In general, the degree of favorable impression to the advertisement on bus was very high with the positive effects on the advertisement as a result of measuring the perception of consumers.
Second, the favorable impression is shown in general to the advertisement using the image of famous models, the advertisement with visual stimuli with colors matching with products and images, and the advertisement with simple layouts, from the summation of measuring result to the degree of favorable impression in this study. In addition, a high ratio of frequency was shown from measuring the degree of favorable impression for the advertisement with a high ability of readability using a large brand logo.
The favorable impression in the advertisement is a very important indicator in measuring the preference of brand, which refers to the degree of either positive or negative, or either favorable or unfavorable feeling to a certain object. It might exercise prominent influences on emotional advertisements that contain little of product information. The advertisement to provide the favorable impression might draw a higher attention by providing the value of amusement, which has effects either to affect the level of information process or to increase the recall on the advertising contents.
Third, as a result of carrying out the measurements on the recall and recognition based on the representative samples in 8 groups extracted from the first and second measurements on the degree of favorable impression in this study and applying the results to the classification table of expressive elements for the advertisement on transportation established by this researcher, the brand name using the structure of logo as the designing element and the image of famous models were recognized first with a higher ratio in measuring the degree of recall. These are thought to be the effective designs in the recall and recognition by having the simple layout to induce the concentration of visual attention while highlighting the structure of logo largely with the use of colors. In addition, it is analyzed that the image and name value of famous models among the elements in the advertising expressions are proportional to the ability of recall because the image of models is transferred to the brand, as they were.
The color expressive elements appeared to remain in the memory to the last moment of recognition. Accordingly, the application of colors to comply with the products and images in producing the external advertisements on bus is analyzed to play an important role of the degree and effect of perfection for the production as the composing elements to affect the psychology of purchase for consumers, as well as to develop images in the advertising.
In the advertising designs using slogans of linguistic elements as their major concept, the recognition is done by the concentration of looks with the size of characters in a simple layout. And it is analyzed that the advertising designs with no element of visual attention shows a lower degree of recall and recognition because they form little of clues in the memory.
The following implications could be derived from these findings.
When any advertisement was carried out from the perspective of companies, the contributions to the strategies of advertising effects were found out on the basis of the findings on what elements in the advertising expressions have a higher ratio of recall and recognition, which are expected to be helpful in the creative development of the external advertisements on bus for the advertisers and authorities in the advertising industry. Studies on the recall and recognition of elements in the advertising expression are thought to be items that should be considered in any case in terms of the characteristics of the external advertisements on bus, which moves along the street.