As in the modern society the virtues like initiatives, creativity and variety in line with the spirit of the new era, it is required of the educational environment in which a learner can proactivelyand positively participate so as to play a leading ro...
As in the modern society the virtues like initiatives, creativity and variety in line with the spirit of the new era, it is required of the educational environment in which a learner can proactivelyand positively participate so as to play a leading role in his study by himself. Yet, the education with fractional knowledge memorization and knowledge conveyance is dominant in the actual school education field so it faces criticism that positive participation of students and knowledge composition are not easy. Accordingly, new teaching-learning methods came to be required so that a learner should be a main player to be able to cope with changes of the society positively and to solve problems creatively through learning activities that is proper to requirement and ability of the self. The Vygotsky Theory is that interactions between teacher and learner or learner and learner can lead to development. Since it highlightsthe importance of teaching-learning and weighs the process that the learner himself becomes a main part in the study based on an adult’s or colleague’s assistance, it can suggest a solution to a new educational request.
Vygotsky urged that the learning can be made by social interactions and weighed the social interaction within ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development) for the more effective learning. This means that every student can enhance his development level by achieving something beyond what he can do if he can get proper assistance from an adult or a colleague. Given the present knowledge of the learner, it is called as Scaffolding that is the assistance system offered by the teacher to help to earn higher level of knowledge. Based on this, the learner proactively participates in learning so that he can forge the knowledge initiatively and meaningfully being a perfect leader in his learning eventually.
Thepurpose of the art and education can be said to maintain a rich and meaningful life by letting a student express his emotions and thoughts through aesthetic experience in which the students understand and bring the art into a life in the connections with the society the student himself belongs to. Therefore, if the Vygotsky Theory weighing the social connections is applied to the art education, it would be the more effective art education. The study intended to develop the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory that is an issue in many fields lately and then to investigate its effect on art learning motif and achievement.
To this end, the Vygotsky Theory and the learning strategy from the theory were investigated theoretically. Basedon this, the art teaching-learning program was developed. For the study, total 78 students from 2 classes of M primary school 3rd grade in Yangjae-dong, Seoul were selected and given the classes 5 times. The experiments were made with two groups; the experiment group with the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory and the control group with the general art teaching-learning program. Then, the art learning motif and achievement of each class were compared, analyzed to test how it affects the art learning motif and achievement. The collected data were processed and analyzed by SPSS v.12.0 statistics package program.
The major findings of the study can be summarized as follows.
First, the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory showed more effective to enhance the art learning motif than the general art teaching-learning program.
Second, the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory showed more effective to enhance the art learning achievement than the general art teaching-learning program.
In conclusion, the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory in this study brought the positive effect to enhance the art learning motive and achievement of the primary 3rd grade students. As such,it was found that the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory enhanced learner’s inner motif to help to study proactively and could become a more effective teaching method. From the findings of the study, the art teaching-learning program based on the Vygotsky Theory has thesignificance in enhancing the art learning motif and the art study achievement of the primary 3rd grade students. It is of hope to develop various programs using the Vygotsky Theory of which studies have not made much thus far in the field of the art education to the art subject and to apply it to the class situation, after which more studies to discuss the outcomes are to be made.