보육교사의 소진에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this paper is to show if by the general characteristic of childcare teachers there are any differences between efficiency, job stress and the method of stress relaxing and burnout, and to analyze how teachers' efficiency, job stress and the method of stress relaxing influence burnout, so that this can help improve the qualification of childcare teachers and provide the basic data for the policy decision in nursery.

The subjects of the study in this paper are

1) By the general characteristics of childcare teachers, are there any differences between teachers' efficiency, job stress and the method of stress relaxing and burnout?

2) How are teachers' efficiency, job stress and the method of stress relaxing influencing burnout?

This is intended for 123 childcare teachers working in the nurseries, Younggwang, Jeonnam and these data are analyzed by SPSS For Windows 13.0. And Frequency Analysis, t-test, F-test of ANOVA(Analysis of Variance) and post test are conducted according to Duncan‘s Hierarchical Regression Analysis.

The result of this study can be summarized as follows.

First, as a result of examining the correlations between teachers' efficiency, job stress and the method of stress relaxing and burnout, in all cases of burnout of childcare teachers, there are - correlations for general efficiency(r=-0.298) and personal efficiency(r=-0.575) in teachers' efficiency, there + correlations for 7 lower local variable factors and all burnout in job stress, and there - correlations for problem solving(r=-0.391) in the method of stress relaxing.

Second, as a result of analyzing if there is any significant difference between teachers' efficiency, job stress and burnout by general characteristics of teachers, it shows that there is a significant difference by nursery career(p<.05) in teachers' efficiency, and there a significant difference by single/married(p<.05), scholarship(p<.05), working hours(p<.001) and nursery facilities(p<.001) in job stress that teachers experience. While there is a significant difference by religion(p<.05), number of children(p<.05) and working hours(p<.05) in stress relaxing, it shows that there is a significant difference by single/married(p<.05) and working hours(p<.05) in burnout.

Third, to analyze how the general characteristics, teachers' efficiency and job stress influence burnout, Hierarchical Regression Analysis has been conducted. As a result of conducting HRA for Model 1 including the general characteristics of teachers as an independent variable factor, Model 2 adding teachers' efficiency, Model 3 adding job stress, and Model 4 adding the method of stress relaxing, it shows that child's number in class(b=-0.210, p<.05) and working hours(b=0.261, p<.05) affect teacher's emotional exhaustion in Model 1 as a significant variable factor. While working hours(b=0.203, p<.05) and individual efficiency(b=-0.494, p<.001) does it in Model 2, individual efficiency(b=-0.378, p<.001) influence it in Model 3. Namely, it shows that the higher individual efficiency gets, the lower emotional exhaustion gets. Meanwhile, individual efficiency(b=-0.349, p<.001), economic stability(b=-0.211, p<.05) and assistance seeking(b=-0.178, p<.05) influence emotional exhaustion of teachers as a significant variable factior in Model 4. Namely, it shows that the higher individual efficiency, the stress against economic stability and assistance seeking get, the lower teachers' emotional exhaustion gets.

Considering the loss of teacher's accomplishment, Model 1 shows that there are no variable factors significantly influencing it, and Model 2 shows that only individual efficiency(b=-0.536, p<.001) is a variable factor significantly influencing it. Namely, it means that, the higher individual efficiency gets, the lower the loss of teachers' accomplishment gets. Model 3 shows that individual efficiency(b=-0.481, p<.001), teachers' experiencing stress(b=-0.362, p<.01) and parents' experiencing stress(b=0.321, p<.01) are variable factors significantly influencing it. Namely, the higher individual efficiency and teacher's experiencing stress get, the lower teachers' emotional exhaustion gets. Meanwhile, the higher parents' experiencing stress gets, the worse emotional exhaustion gets. Model 4 shows that teachers' individual efficiency(b=-0.437, p<.001), teachers' experiencing stress(b=-0.265, p<.05) and problems solving(b=-0.314, p<.01) are variable factors significantly influencing it. Namely, the higher individual efficiency, teachers' experiencing stress and the endeavor for problems solving get, the lower the loss of teachers' accomplishment gets.

Considering teachers' chronic fatigue, Model 1 shows that scholarship(b=0.185, p<.05) and working hours(b=0.214, p<.05) are variable factors significantly influencing it. Model 2 shows that scholarship(b=0.171, p<.05), working hours(b=0.180, p<.05) and individual efficiency(b=-0.203, p<.05) are variable factors significantly influencing it. Namely, the higher scholarship gets and the longer working hours get, the worse teachers' chronic fatigue gets. Meanwhile, The higher teachers' efficiency gets, the lower teachers' emotional exhaustion gets. Model 3 shows that just general efficiency(b=-0.174, p<.05) is a variable factor significantly influencing it. Namely, the higher general efficiency gets, the lower chronic fatigue gets. Meantime, Model 4 shows that only problems avoiding(b=-0.168, p<.05) is a variable factor significantly influencing it. Namely, the more teachers avoid the problems, the worse chronic fatigue gets.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 제2절 연구문제 4
• 제2장 이론적 배경 및 선행연구 검토 5
• 제1절 소진 5
• 제2절 교사효능감과 소진 9
• 제3절 직무스트레스와 소진 11
• 제4절 스트레스 대처방식과 소진 15
• 제3장 연구방법 18
• 제1절 연구모형과 연구가설 18
• 제2절 측정도구 20
• 1. 소진 척도 20
• 2. 교사효능감 척도 20
• 3. 직무스트레스 척도 21
• 4. 스트레스 대처방식 척도 21
• 제3절 자료분석 23
• 제4장 조사결과 24
• 제1절 연구대상 24
• 제2절 교사효능감, 직무스트레스, 스트레스 대처방식, 소진간의 상관관계 분석 26
• 제3절 교사의 일반적 특성별 교사효능감, 직무스트레스, 스트레스 대처, 소진 차이 분석 28
• 제4절 교사의 소진에 영향을 미치는 변인 분석 37
• 제5장 논의 및 결론 43
• 1. 요약 및 논의 43
• 2. 결론 및 제언 47
• 참고문헌 50
• ABSTRACT 53
• 설문조사 57