The purpose of this study was to help children's healthy development by suggesting the advisable parents' role that can enhance children's playfulness and their social confidence. For this purpose, the influences of parental role intelligence on child...
The purpose of this study was to help children's healthy development by suggesting the advisable parents' role that can enhance children's playfulness and their social confidence. For this purpose, the influences of parental role intelligence on children's playfulness and their social confidence, and the parental role for building a desirable parent-child relationship and nurture were examined.
The following points are discussed as a subject matter
1. What influences have the parental role intelligence upon children's playfulness?
2. What influences have parental role intelligence upon children's social confidence?
3. What relationships between parental role intelligence and children's playfulness have?
As an investigative specimen of this study, the children who are from 3 to 5 years old, their mothers and teachers were chosen from nine kindergartens in the provinceof Seoul-city, Gyungsang-do and Gyounggi-do. The total numbers of 276 data based on the reply of above mentioned subjects were analyzed for this study.
In order to systematically measure parents' reaction and thoughts according to various situations that they might face as parents, 'Parental Role Intelligence Assessment Tool' designed by Misook - Hyun(2004) had been used. In addition, for the measurement of children's playfulness, 'Children's Playfulness Scale'which was modified and complimented by Younghee-Kim(1995) and originally from Lieberman(1965)' definition of playfulness had been conducted as well. Finally, 'Iowa Social Competency Scale; Preschool Form; ISCS' developed by Pease, Clark & Crase(1979) and modified by Yoonjung-Park(1997) had also been employed as a tool of measurement for social competence.
The general features of the subjects' demographical background had been statically analyzed by means of percentage and SPSS 12.0 window program. To support the confidence of the measuring tool for social confidence, children's playfulness and parental role intelligence, Cronbach's alpha reliability test was also conducted
T-test was carried out after calculating the average and the standard derivation according to parental role intelligence, children's playfulness and social confidence. To verify the relations of parental role intelligence, children's playfulness and social confidence, Pearson's correlation analysis was used. Finally, toscrutinize the effect of parental role intelligence on children's playfulness and social confidence, Multiple Regression also conducted.
After calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient to research the relationship between children's playfulness and social confidence, Multiple Regression was carried out to verify that how much extent of explanatory power on children's social competence, subcomponents of a component of children's playfulness has.
The following conclusions are induced from the above research results.
First, mothers positively evaluated their attitudes of parental roles in general features of parental role intelligence, children's playfulness and social confidence. Meanwhile, teachers assessed children's playfulness and parental role intelligence on the average level. In relation to the differences of playfulness on children's gender, girls show a little stronger physical spontaneity than boys but the differences were not significant.The girls also have more social competence than boys based on this research. It also reveals that the girls are superior to boys in reactive ability which is a subcomponent of social competence.
Second, through a research on social confidence between parental role intelligence and children's playfulness, we can discover that as parents play the role of sympathy and receptiveness of parental role intelligence well, higher extend of expression of pleasure of playfulness appears. In addition, as parents play the role of control of parental role intelligence well, the higher physical spontaneity, expression of pleasure and a sense of humor of playfulness has been shown.Based on the effect of parental role intelligence on children's playfulness, social spontaneity and expression of pleasure does not affect significantly on parental role intelligence. However, the better the role of control on parental role intelligence does, the higher physical and cognitive spontaneity and a sense of humor the playfulness has. Furthermore, the hypersensitivity of playfulness was reduced as parental role intelligence does well with its role of control.
Third, on the basis of parental role intelligence according to children's gender and the relationship of social competence,high reactive ability of social competence was shown, when parental role intelligence controls and promotes well for boys, on the other hand, promotes and accepts well for girls. Particularly, it shows that girls feel low sense of insecurity when their parents controls properly. Through the effect of parental role intelligence on children's social competence, boys show the low reactive ability when their parents play a reasonable role of authority, on the other hand, high reactive ability was shown when the parents controls them appropriately. In case of girls, their hypersensitivity is lowered when their parents play proper receptive role and social competence is enhanced as the parents do well with their role of promotion.
Fourth, in relationship between children's playfulness and social competence, all physical spontaneity, social spontaneity, cognitive spontaneity and the expression of pleasure excluding a sense of human have a great significance on the every section of social competence. Through the influence of children's playfulness on social competence, we can discover that; the physical spontaneity of playfulness has influence on reactive ability, a sense of insecurity and hypersensitivity of social competence, the sense of social spontaneity and cognitive spontaneity of playfulness has overall effect on all the subcomponents of social competence, the expression of pleasure of playfulness has a significant impact on reactive ability, leadership, and hypersensitivity of social competence.
The above mentioned results of this study confirm not only the fact that parental role intelligence has substantial influences on the overall social competence and children's playfulness, but also the evidence that children's playfulness and social confidence has a close relationship. Therefore, by playingproper parental roles, parents should be a guide and supporter for their children to have positive social competence andto develop through plays. Furthermore, it is highly important to provide parents with sufficient educational chances to recognize the importance of the effect of parental role on children's playfulness and social competence and also to learn the desirable parental role.