The purpose of this study was to promote a deeper understanding of families with Down syndrome children and provide useful information to support them in counseling setting. This was done by observing parents' overall experience of parenting with thei...
The purpose of this study was to promote a deeper understanding of families with Down syndrome children and provide useful information to support them in counseling setting. This was done by observing parents' overall experience of parenting with their Down syndrome children in elementary schools. Accordingly, the research was conducted by in-depth interviews and observation of data collections and by applying Colaizzi's analytic method for data analysis.
The subjects in this study were five parents whose children have been suffering from Down syndrome. First of all, the researcher was introduced to a father and a mother from Dasamo, a self-supporting community of parents with Down syndrome children, and another mother from the Down Welfare Center, which was built by parents who have children with the disease. Two more parents were chosen by one of the parents whom Dasamo recommended, and three more parents were introduced by the parent from the Down Welfare Center. Even though eight parents were selected as objects of this research, only five could be interviewed and observed for the research since the other three couldn't afford to take part for personal reasons.
An in-depth interview was implemented over about two months between the end of July and September. The places for the interviews were determined according to their request. They were interviewed at their own houses, the counseling room of Down Welfare Center or an uncrowded restaurant in the morning or afternoon while their children were studying in school or staying at the welfare center. It took from one and a half hours to two hours, and each of the parents was interviewed two or three times.
Data was collected by in-depth interviews and observation in accordance with open-ended, semi-structured interview guidelines. All the interviews were recorded with the consent of the participants not to miss anything important that they said. The sound recording tapes were transcribed, and the researcher promised to destroy the tapes completely at the closing of the study to keep their personal information confidential.
By carefully reading the in-depth interview data several times, 269 significant sentences and phrases were selected according to Colaizzi's analytic method. From those selected, 70 meanings, 28 themes and 12 bundles of themes were organized. Futhermore, all the themes were grouped into four sub-categories: the whirlwind first meeting with their disabled child; getting over the difficulties; the desire for integration; and reconciliation with the world. The core category of the overall parenting of Down syndrome children was getting along in harmony with the world'.
The findings of the study were as follows:
Firstly, the parents suffered a big shock and became rejective toward their children and felt helpless when their kids were diagnosed with Down syndrome. Moreover, the matter of how to raise them threw the parents' first meeting with their children into a swirl of confusion and mental confliction. Hence, counselors should help the parents with Down syndrome to be able to overcome the trauma as quick as possible and foster their children appropriately.
Secondly, social prejudice against Down syndrome children put pressure on the parents, and they found themselves left out due to economic burden, poor facilities or inaccessibility of the facilities that make parents give up their job. In this case, counselors should also support the parents by helping relieve them from this burden.
Thirdly, however, they were eager to allow their children to lead as normal a life as possible making sure they receive every possible treatment in places such as general hospitals and longing for their inclusion in society even after their children's growth into adulthood. They hoped the children would grow up as eligible members of society. Therefore, counselors need to assist the parents to successfully educate their children about the meaning of genuine integration with society .
Fourthly, the parents learned to deal with the situation better as their children grew up. They felt sympathy from others, and they felt justified in demanding social support from the government. They found themselves gradually changing and making a reconciliation with the world. Counselors should give constant support to the parents to be mature in dealing with the situation with which they are confronted.
Ultimately, the findings of the study are expected to contribute to providing fundamental materials to give better and more effective family counseling, school counseling and counseling for the family members who have any disabled children.