The present study started from the problem that projects for improving deteriorated residential areas with different characteristics are decided and executed according to district designation criteria focused mainly on physical features without consid...
The present study started from the problem that projects for improving deteriorated residential areas with different characteristics are decided and executed according to district designation criteria focused mainly on physical features without considering local residents?f social and economical features, and as a result, they are promoted uniformly and cause conflicts with the residents. Through human history, people have an infinite desire to live in good environment. Residential environment has been improved continuously, and related research will be continued in the future as well.
The present study selected one of areas where urban improvement projects were being executed actively, and then examined the meanings of deteriorated residential area and analyzed problems in district designation criteria at the stage of designating improvement districts for each project under the Urban and Living Environment Improvement Act. In addition, based on the results, we made suggestions for setting improved criteria.
A deteriorated residential area does not mean simply an area crowded with deteriorated houses, but is formed by various elements including deteriorated houses, poor surrounding environment, public facilities, urban landscape, etc. In addition, criteria for designating improvement districts are similar among improvement projects and are applied ambiguously, and the Urban and Living Environment Improvement Act is focused on physical features without reflecting non?]physical factors properly. Residents regard their own opinions as most important, but local self?]governing bodies and the government try to give priority to the Urban and Living Environment Improvement Act. In the course, basic surveys are conducted inaccurately and the results are applied advantageously to the project to be executed.
In order to investigate these problems in the field, we selected a district planned to be improved in Daejeon, and conducted improvement district simulation. Physical criteria were derived by formulating scenario criteria for each item using districts in Daejeon for which improvement projects had been finished or were in progress. The objectivity of the criteria was verified by specialists, and new social and economic criteria were also suggested through specialists?f verification. In particular, the importance of the social and economic criteria was measured, and based on the importance, their priority was set. What was considered most important by the specialists among the social and economic criteria was infrastructure installation rate. The newly defined improvement district designation criteria were applied to the sample district. According to the results, while existing criteria were ambiguous for project selection, the new criteria facilitated residential environment improvement projects. This shows that when criteria in the Urban and Living Environment Improvement Act are differentiated, they can make it easy to select projects.
In addition, based on the results of simulation, we made suggestions as follows for improving criteria for designating deteriorated residential areas as improvement districts.
First, the social and economic features of deteriorated residential areas should be reflected. That is, detailed social and economic features should be added to physical features, and a deteriorated residential area should be viewed not as a physical entity but as a mixture of physical and non physical elements. Furthermore, social and economic features should be added to each criterion.
Second, related laws and systems should be improved. As in the results of simulation, it is necessary to differentiate district designation criteria among categories, and differentiated and customized district designation criteria should be applied to each project for more accurate designation of improvement districts.
Third, residents?f opinions should be reflected properly at the stage of district designation. Particularly for improvement districts, basic surveys should be conducted accurately. Furthermore, fairness and support based on survey results need to be reinforced. What is more, as in the sample district examined in this study, residents?f characteristics should be reflected by improving programs for collecting public opinions so that residents can be involved in improvement projects adequately.