골프장 레스토랑 직원의 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 직무환경요인 : 개인 성격 유형의 조절 효과를 중심으로 = Job Environment Factors Affecting Golf Course Restaurant Employees' Job Satisfaction : Focused on the adjusting effect of personality type

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Today with the rise of economic living standard, the increase of leisure activity time, and the change of people’s attitude toward golf, which has been regarded as a luxury sport, the golf industry is growing steadily and there are increasing interest in and research on golf courses.
Nevertheless, research has been insufficient on golf course restaurants, which make the largest contribution to the sales of golf courses among subsidiary facilities of golf courses.
Thus, the objectives of this study are as follows.
First, extract job environment factors affecting golf course restaurant employees’ job satisfaction, and examine their relation with job satisfaction through empirical analysis.
Second, survey golf course restaurant employees’ personality types, identify job environment factors affecting job satisfaction according to personality type, and examine the relation of the job environment factors with overall job satisfaction.
Third, based on the results of this study, suggest plans to improve the personnel management and service quality of golf course restaurants, and provide basic materials for the development of golf course restaurants and the solution of the chronic employee turnover.
For these objectives, we formulated research hypotheses based on previous research on job satisfaction, and extracted 8 job environment factors from previous research on job environment factors.
In addition, we classified individual employees’ personality types using the Personality Type (Type A/Type B) Scale developed by Friedman & Rosenamn (1974).
This study used SPSS 12.0 in data analysis. Demographic variables and general items were analyzed through frequency analysis, and the reliability and validity of variables were tested through factor analysis. In addition, the correlations of variables were analyzed, and t-test was made in order to compare personality types and to examine differences in job environment factors and job satisfaction.
Lastly, regression analysis was made to measure the effect of each job environment factor on job satisfaction, and to see if the effect of job environment factors on job satisfaction is significantly different according to employee’s personality type.
For this study, data were collected through a questionnaire survey of the employees of golf course restaurants sampled from Gyeonggi-do and Incheon. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, 311 (89%) were recovered, and 306 were used in the analyses. The results of this study are summarized as follows.
First, golf course restaurants’ job environment has a significant effect on their employees’ job satisfaction. We examined whether job satisfaction is affected significantly by each of the 8 factors of job environment, which are wage environment, promotion environment, superior’s ability, work environment, working hours, job relevancy, self-development opportunity, and human relation. In the result, golf course restaurant employees’ job satisfaction was affected significantly by 5 job environment factors, which are work environment, job relevancy, self-development opportunity, human relation, and wage environment in order of significance.
Second, in the results of testing the hypothesis that job environment factors affecting golf course restaurant employees’ job satisfaction would be different according to the employees’ personality type (Type A/Type B), job relevancy was most influential on job satisfaction among the job environment factors in Type A employees. Personality Type A is characterized by behaviors such as wanting to be ready always for doing something, making haste to do faster and better than others, trying to do two or more tasks simultaneously, and keeping being alert even after daily tasks have been finished. Based on the characteristics, those of Type A were found to find a meaning in the job itself. Accordingly, in this study, they can be regarded as employees with job extravert personality.
On the contrary to Type A, Personality Type B is characterized by behaviors such as being composed, examining the essences of a work step by step rather than doing the work hastily, and being less competitive. In the results of this study, development opportunity was found the most influential factor on job satisfaction. Thus, those of Type B can be regarded as employees with job introvert personality.
In addition, job relevancy, work environment, and human relation were found to have a significant effect on job satisfaction in both extravert and introvert personality.
The implications of these results are as follows. First, this study identified job environment factors that have a significant effect on golf course restaurant employee’ job satisfaction, and based on the factors, provided basic materials for developing and operating effective environmental systems and programs of golf course restaurants.
Second, this study distinguished the personality types of golf course restaurant employees, and identified job environment factors important for each personality type. Based on the factors, we provided basic materials for screening golf course restaurant employees and enhancing their job satisfaction. These data are expected to help the continuous stable operation of golf course restaurants.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장. 서론 = 1
• 제 1 절 연구의 배경 = 1
• 제 2 절 연구의 목적 = 5
• 제 3 절 연구의 방법과 범위 = 7
• 제 2 장. 문헌고찰 = 10
• 제 1 절 골프장 레스토랑의 개념 및 특성 = 10
• 1. 골프장 레스토랑의 개념 및 특성 = 10
• 1) 레스토랑의 개념 = 10
• 2) 골프장 레스토랑 개념 및 특성 = 11
• 3) 골프장 및 골프장 레스토랑의 운영 형태 = 13
• 제 2 절 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 직무환경 요인 = 15
• 1. 직무환경 요인 정의 = 15
• 2. 직무환경 요인에 관한 이론 = 15
• 3. 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 직무환경 요인에 관한 선행연구 = 16
• 제 3 절 개인의 성격 유형 = 23
• 1. 성격의 개념 = 23
• 1) 성격의 정의 = 23
• 2) 성격 이론 = 24
• 2. 성격의 유형 = 26
• 1) A형/B형 성격유형의 정의 = 26
• 2) A형/B형 성격유형의 특징 = 28
• 제 4 절 직무만족에 대한 이론적 배경 = 29
• 1. 직무만족의 정의 = 29
• 2. 직무만족의 중요성 = 33
• 1) 직원 측면에서 직무만족이 갖는 중요성 = 33
• 2) 조직적인 측면에서의 직무만족이 갖는 중요성 = 34
• 3. 직무만족의 형성과정 = 35
• 4. 직무만족에 관한 이론 = 37
• 1) 비교이론 = 37
• 2) 사회적 영향 이론 = 38
• 3) 기대이론 = 38
• 4) 공정성 이론 = 40
• 5) 2요인 이론 = 41
• 제 5 절 구성개념간의 관계 = 43
• 1. 직무환경과 직무만족간의 관계 = 43
• 2. 직무만족과 성격유형간의 관계 = 50
• 제 3 장. 연구 설계 = 53
• 제 1 절 연구의 모형과 연구 가설 설정 = 53
• 1. 연구의 모형 = 53
• 2. 가설의 설정 = 54
• 제 2 절 변수의 조작적 정의와 설문지 구성 = 56
• 1. 변수의 조작적 정의 = 56
• 1) 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 직무환경 요인 = 56
• 2) 개인 성격 유형(A형/B형) = 58
• 3) 직무만족 = 59
• 4) 일반 사항 및 인구 통계 사항 = 59
• 2. 설문지 구성 = 60
• 제 3 절 표본의 설정 = 61
• 제 4 절 실증 분석 방법 = 62
• 제 4 장. 실증 분석 = 63
• 제 1 절 응답자의 일반적 특성과 성격유형 = 63
• 1. 응답자의 일반적 특성 = 63
• 2. 성격유형(A형/B형) 구분 = 65
• 제 2 절 가설검증을 위한 예비분석 = 66
• 1. 신뢰도 검증 = 66
• 1) 직무환경 척도의 신뢰도 검증 = 68
• 2) 직무만족 척도의 신뢰도 검증 = 70
• 3) 성격유형 척도의 신뢰도 검증 = 70
• 2. 타당성 검증 = 71
• 1) 직무환경요인들에 대한 탐색요인분석 = 72
• 3. 상관관계 분석 = 75
• 제 3 절 가설의 검증 = 77
• 1. 골프장 레스토랑의 직무환경과 직무만족과의 관계 = 77
• 2. 골프장 레스토랑의 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 직무환경과 성격유형(A형/B형)의 관계 = 78
• 제 5 장. 결론 = 84
• 제 1 절 연구의 요약 및 시사점 = 84
• 1. 연구의 요약 = 84
• 2. 연구의 시사점 = 86
• 제 2 절 연구의 한계 및 제언 = 89
• 참고문헌 = 91
• 설문서 = 104
• ABSTRACT = 112