청각장애청소년의 가족응집성, 가족적응성 및 부모-자녀간 의사소통유형이 자아존중감에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 = A Study on an Influence of Family Cohesion, Family Adaptability and Parent-Child Communication of Adolescents with Hearing Impairment on Self-Esteem

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purposes
The purpose of this study is to examine the family cohesion, family adaptability, communication type with parents, and a level of self-esteem perceived by child who is the adolescent with hearing impairment, to examine what is the difference in the self-esteem of adolescents with hearing impairment the family cohesion, family adaptability, parent-child communication type perceived by adolescent with hearing impairment, and what is a decisive factor of self-esteem, and to present a development social service and a direction of social welfare practice.

Method
For the study, 310 adolescents with hearing impairment aged 13～24 were selected. A questionnaire survey was conducted from October 15 to November 5, 2008. As a measuring tool and reliability of each variable, the family cohesion and adaptability as an independent variable were assessed by using FACESⅢ(Family Cohesion and Adaptability Evaluation Scale Ⅲ) being a scale of family cohesion and adaptability developed by Olson, Portner and Lavee(1985). To assess the parent-child communication level and type perceived by adolescents with hearing impairment, the questionnaire for children out of PACI(Parent Adolescence Communication Inventory) which is the scale of parent-child communication type of Barnes and Olson(1982) changed by Min Hye-yeong (1990) was changed and used for the purpose of the study. To assess the self-esteem as the dependent variable, SEI(Self-Esteem Inventory) produced by Coopersmith was used.

Results
The results of the study are followed.
First, there was a significant influence of family's support on the general self-esteem(β=.355), social self-esteem(β=.191) and the whole self-esteem(β=.255) respectively.
Second, the family's common time and friendship significantly influenced on the whole self-esteem(β=.164).
Third, the family's leisure time significantly influenced on the whole self-esteem(β=.153).
Fourth, there was the significant influence of the family's control on the school adaption self-esteem(β=.198).
Fifth, the family's instruction significantly influenced on the school adaption self-esteem(β=.182).
Sixth, the open communication type significantly influenced on the social self-esteem(β=.134), and the homely self-esteem(β=.249) respectively.

Implications
Through the results of this study, it could be known that the self-esteem of adolescent with hearing impairment was improved more effectively when the family's function was enhanced and the communication was improved. However, because adolescents with hearing impairment doesn't show any physical difference from normal people unlike other disabled adolescents, the hearing people don't easily recognize their difficulties. Because of such the characteristics, the relationship between the parent and child with hearing impairment in the family of adolescents with hearing impairment is confronted with the difficulty of communication. Accordingly, it is implicated that the family counseling and the parents education program need to be developed and executed to improve the family functionality and to activate the open communication.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장 서론 1
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경 6
• 제 1 절 청각장애의 이해 6
• 1. 청각장애의 정의 6
• 2. 청각장애청소년의 특성 22
• 제 2 절 가족기능성과 의사소통 26
• 1. 가족체계이론(Family System Theory) 26
• 2. 가족기능의 응집성과 적응성 29
• 3. 부모-자녀간 의사소통 36
• 제 3 절 자아존중감(Self-Esteem) 42
• 1. 자아존중감의 개념 42
• 2. 자아존중감의 발달요인 45
• 3. 가족기능이 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 47
• 제 4 절 연구모형 및 연구문제 52
• 1. 연구모형 52
• 2. 연구문제 53
• 제 3 장 연구방법 55
• 제 1 절 조사대상 및 자료수집 절차 55
• 제 2 절 변수의 정의 및 측정도구 56
• 제 3 절 자료분석방법 64
• 제 4 장 연구결과 및 분석 65
• 제 1 절 조사대상자의 일반적인 특성 65
• 제 2 절 가족응집성, 가족적응성, 부모-자녀간 의사소통 유형과 자아존중감의 수준 66
• 1. 가족응집성의 수준 66
• 2. 가족적응성의 수준 68
• 3. 부모-자녀간 의사소통 유형 70
• 4. 자아존중감 수준 71
• 제 3 절 변수들간의 상관관계 분석 74
• 제 4 절 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 77
• 1. 일반적 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 77
• 2. 사회적 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 79
• 3. 가정적 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 81
• 4. 학교적응 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 83
• 5. 전체 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 85
• 제 5 장 결 론 90
• 제 1 절 연구결과 요약 및 논의 90
• 제 2 절 연구의 함의 96
• 제 3 절 연구의 한계점 및 제언 98
• 참 고 문 헌 101
• 부록(설문지) 105
• Abstract 109