As a kind of community rehabilitation facilities, a welfare facility for the visually handicapped is providing service exclusively for the visually handicapped that are hard to be dealt with by general welfare facilities. Welfare facilities for the di...
As a kind of community rehabilitation facilities, a welfare facility for the visually handicapped is providing service exclusively for the visually handicapped that are hard to be dealt with by general welfare facilities. Welfare facilities for the disabled are divided into general and specific welfare facilities for the disabled; of the latter, welfare facilities for the visually handicapped comprise the highest percentage; however, there are only 11 welfare facilities for the visually handicapped all over the country, 5 of which are located in Seoul. As of 2008, there are 40,855 people with visual impairment in Gyeonggi Province, as compared with 37,003 in Seoul; however, there is no welfare facility for the visually handicapped and they cannot help moving long distances to use a facility in Seoul or Incheon. This can be a heavy burden on the visually handicapped who suffer from many restrictions in movements; as the number of those with severe visual impairment or the blind is on a rapid increase, there are difficulties in providing them with rehabilitation service.
Welfare facilities exclusively for the visually handicapped are a great help to the visually handicapped in terms of rehabilitation by implementing a specific program to meet requirements of the visually handicapped who are hard to be dealt with by general social welfare facilities and by carrying out projects that general welfare facilities cannot accept due to insufficient professional human resources, equipment, or budget.
To meet the absolute need to establish a welfare facility for the visually handicapped within Gyeonggi Province, a general research was conducted on service needs and programs about welfare facilities for the visually handicapped by investigating the requirements of the visually handicapped within the province in order to implement a proper program.
There are 220,000 registered, visually-handicapped people all over the country, which is the second largest number among 15 categories, and the number of people impaired visually due to accidents or diseases is on an yearly increase.
Losing eyesight not only means losing a certain function of the body but also causes loss throughout the life in psychological, economic, and social respects and even affects a living structure of family.
Therefore, welfare for the visually impaired is to use all personal, material, and social resources of the visually impaired to help them relieve or remove their handicaps and secure living equal to the non-disabled.
With supplement of welfare facilities for the disabled in Korea, there have been 11 welfare facilities for the visually handicapped operated as community rehabilitation facilities for the visually handicapped. Welfare facilities for the disabled provide general rehabilitation service, including welfare, education, and employment of the disabled, play a role of general community welfare centers to help the disabled become independent and improve their welfare, and follow guidelines of welfare projects for the disabled presented by the Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs in terms of organization, manpower, and management.
While a view of disability recently changes from rehabilitation to independent life due to the changed welfare environment for the disabled and the expanded infrastructures of welfare for the disabled in Korea, inspection for efficient and effective management can be premature since welfare facilities for the visually handicapped were established between 1981 and 2003.
However, it can be said that as the number of the visually handicapped is on the yearly increase, the role of welfare facilities for the visually handicapped as community rehabilitation facilities is more important than ever before.
This study intended to analyze the research on the requirements of the visually handicapped residing in Gyeonggi Province and present the following problems and activation schemes.
First, as a problem of service accessibility caused by the lack of rehabilitation facilities for the visually handicapped, while there are 11 welfare facilities all over the country, there are no welfare facilities and few regular or short-term protection facilities or vocational rehabilitation facilities established for domiciliary people with disabilities in Gyeonggi Province that has a largest number of visually impaired people and has the largest area. While the visually handicapped in Gyeonggi Province move long distances to use adjacent welfare facilities in Seoul, the majority of visually-impaired people have difficulty in accessing service due to low accessibility since most welfare facilities are located in general residential streets.
Second, as a problem of service operation at welfare facilities for the visually handicapped due to guidelines of welfare projects for the disabled, three welfare facilities, out of 11, were found to implement diagnosis, judgement, and medical rehabilitation projects partially despite visually disabled people's great needs. This is probably due to the lack of professional manpower in charge of projects at welfare facilities for the visually handicapped.
Third, as a problem of service supply in terms of functions and roles of welfare facilities for the visually handicapped, among 15 unit welfare projects for the disabled, most welfare facilities for the visually handicapped were currently implementing educational rehabilitation, social rehabilitation, information provision, domiciliary projects for the disabled, and local welfare projects while there was generally poor general management to present roles as local general welfare centers and special rehabilitation service, such as medical rehabilitation, employment, education, and welfare. As for activation schemes,
First, it is necessary to devise a method to place experts in rehabilitating the visually handicapped by retraining social workers and institutionalizing official qualifications as a social worker majoring in rehabilitation, securing sufficient manpower to take charge of projects within the fixed number, and readjusting the existing certificate rate to secure manpower specialized in rehabilitation of the visually handicapped in order to activate service.
Second, it is necessary to realize the subsidization system based on visually handicapped people categorization, project management for each institution, the number of users, and evaluation and improve the assistance for functional complement expenses as a financial assistance to activate categorization projects for the visually handicapped.
Third, it is necessary to offer strategic assistance as a scheme to help visually handicapped people secure accessibility to rehabilitation service in order to provide service to the visually handicapped within community welfare facilities, elderly welfare facilities, and welfare facilities for the disabled. It is necessary to make adjustment to provide service reflecting institutional and regional properties of welfare facilities for the visually handicapped, perform a national public relations and construct and online system to deliver categorization projects for the visually handicapped effectively, and review a scheme to establish a branch of welfare facilities for the visually handicapped through association with sight-related rehabilitation service institutions.
Fourth, it is necessary to expand projects to find out visually handicapped people within regions with poor information acquisition and accessibility and domiciliary projects for the disabled, make general examination of project operation by welfare facilities for the visually handicapped to establish and expand programs appropriate for the date of getting blind, the degree of sight, gender, and life cycle for visually handicapped people and provide special service, such as education, welfare, and employment needed by them, and expand community organization projects to come into close relations with residents of the community in which a visually handicapped person resides and build a cooperative system with organizations related to the visually handicapped in order to fulfill functions and roles as general community welfare centers.