Our air cargo business is facing with unprecedented management environments; marketing environment through internet and IT development, inexpectant air oil price, fluctuating exchange rate and price competition caused by oversupply and strengthened cu...
Our air cargo business is facing with unprecedented management environments; marketing environment through internet and IT development, inexpectant air oil price, fluctuating exchange rate and price competition caused by oversupply and strengthened customer needs. Now air cargo industry holds the new era of limitless competition that characterizes decision making under uncertainty. Accordingly, air carriers have great need to achieve target revenue and maximize the company value by satisfying customer needs along with conducting accurate market analysis.
The main purpose of this research is, at this current time when 10 years have passed since air freight forwarders opened their markets, to examine the need of forwarders, carriers' customers, in order to enforce carrier's competitiveness under ever-changing air cargo industry envi- ronments. It starts from the questions what the main factors exist in selecting a carrier and if this is still effective. Precedent research tells that, in selecting an air cargo carrier, price factor is relatively behind compared to other factors, but this analysis shows that price factor as well as flight frequency is the most significant. This explains that the key to being competitive carrier is competitive price [rate] along with fast and accurate flight schedule, which is the characteristic of air logistics.
This analysis is to demonstrate the main factors in which forwarders select a carrier. First of all, through existing references and theoretical study, it observes the process of air cargo transport and market status as well asthe role and function of air freight forwarders. Also, it draws 20 factors in which air freight forwarders select an air cargo carrier by researching existing references and interviewing freight forwarding companies and examines them by setting five assumptions and conducting questionnaire. Questionnaire survey is conducted with target of Seoul, Pusan located air freight forwarders which are under contract with Korean Air. Questionnaire is distributed and collected through email and utilized to prove assumptions by research model.
In order to demonstrate them, as a statistical analysis tool, frequency analysis, factor analysis, T- test, and analysis of variance are used. Among five assumptions set to examine forwarders' selecting factors of carriers, Assumption 1 and 2 are chosen and assumption 3,4 and 5 are rejected.
[Assumption 1] sets that the selecting factor differs in types of air freight forwarders. To test this, T-test is conducted and the result proves that the type of air freight forwarders make difference in selecting carriers, which means that price [rate] and flight frequency are significant factors.
[Assumption 2] sets that the selecting factor differs in the forwarding volume of air freight forwarders. To test this, analysis of variance is conducted and the result proves that price [rate] and flight frequency are significant factors.
[Assumption 3] sets that the selecting factor differs in service routes air freight forwarders use. To test this, analysis of variance is conducted; the result proves that the flight route is not significant factor in selecting carriers.
[Assumption 4]sets that the selecting factor differs in the ratio of export and import of air freight forwarders. To test this, analysis of variance is conducted; the result proves that the ratio of export and import of forwarders is not significant factor in selecting carriers.
[Assumption 5] sets that the selecting factor differs in the main subject for carrier selection. To test this, analysis of variance is conducted and the result proves that the main subject is not significant factor in selecting carriers.