Lacquer is the eco-friendly pigment that not only forms the solid and hard membrane, but also has elegant luster and quiet color sense, and has excellent effect on waterproof, antisepsis, and mothproof. Due to this excellent physical property in lacqu...
Lacquer is the eco-friendly pigment that not only forms the solid and hard membrane, but also has elegant luster and quiet color sense, and has excellent effect on waterproof, antisepsis, and mothproof. Due to this excellent physical property in lacquer coats, the lacquer has been used diversely as the pigment of equipment, which requires endurance from the ancient times.
The conservation treatment of the traditional lacquer wares in cultural properties has been transmitted with a concept of restoration and conservation conforming to the objective of the original-form conservation in relics. The restoration treatment which is being progressed by artisans until now has the problem that relics need to be put for a long time in the environment with RH 75~85 % in high humidity, which is the dryness condition in general lacquer, and has the task called the revival of the characteristics in lacquer coats. The high-humidity environment causes the secondary damage in the body of wood and lacquer coats in the wooden-lacquer relics, and brings about corrosion in the metal accessories attached to relics.
This paper appreciate the physical and chemical characteristics of lacquer coats by the dryness condition with the test piece of lacquer coats, and offer the method of conservation treatment on lacquer objects. The test pieces of lacquer coasts were manufactured by selecting the typical technique through surveying the literature and relics.
The characteristics of lacquer coasts by the dryness condition(RH 55 %, 75 % and 85 %) was appreciated with below. As a result of experiment, the test piece, which was dried in the low humidity, was less in shrinking and swelling in the body wood by moisture content, and was excellent in the state of surface in coats such as the lacquer hardening and the internal hardening through observing weight change and surface. Also, the lacquer coats, which were dried in low humidity, were confirmed to have wholly physical property due to being tight in the internal tissue. And, through analyzing the lacquer coats, the unpurified sap of the lacquer tree, and the purified lacquer, which were manufactured by differentiating the dryness humidity, it was confirmed that there is no chemical difference. Accordingly, the dried wooden-lacquer relics possessed by museum have better conserve at RH 55 % rather than at High humidity. The reason is that the conservation treatment without leaving moisture in humidity condition of RH 60± 5 % is similar to the environment of storage, in adjusting to the environmental change for a long time as well as to the secondary damage in relics. And it is analyzed by the chromaticity, reflectance, and permeability to examine a color change in the lacquer membrane according to conditions of the dryness humidity. As a result, a fact was confirmed through experiment that the lacquer membrane, which is transparent and high in brightness and chroma in order to be well displayed ornaments such as bone-dust or carapace in hawksbill sea turtle, which exist in the lower part of the lacquer membrane, is better formed when being dried in low humidity than high humidity.
The characteristics of lacquer was confirmed by FT-IR. And it was carried with FT-IR and EDXRF for the comparison of lacquer and cashew. As a result, the difference in characteristic peak in pigments was confirmed in FT-IR. But in case of being added the inorganic substance, the absorption in the finger-print region disappeared, thereby having been difficult for distinction. However, by supplementing this point through EDXRF, the possibility of distinction between lacquer and cashew was confirmed. This understanding about characteristics in lacquer is thought to be probably have used as important data in grasping genuineness or spuriousness in the lacquer-ware relics, which were excavated or transmitted, and in judging the restored materials.