Recently, cities attempt to become cultural cities based on the establishment of local identities by creating new images for cities as the center of culture and arts rather than becoming politics and industry-oriented cities.
While previous city's cu...
Recently, cities attempt to become cultural cities based on the establishment of local identities by creating new images for cities as the center of culture and arts rather than becoming politics and industry-oriented cities.
While previous city's cultures focused on ensuring cultural space for establishing infrastructure, a hardware for constructing 'cultural facilities,' present cities try to make cities cultural environment by software that mediates arts in urban space that allows people to refresh their minds and bodies in daily life and that includes the shapes and colors of buildings where people live, streets where people live and pass by, parks where people take a rest and etc. Therefore, the roles of public art based on the public service of cities are important.
This study mainly analyzed the cases of 'public art project' conducted in Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
Anyang Public Art Project (APAP) conducted by Anyang-city in 2005 aimed to expand the whole city to the realm of public art by establishing art parks in daily life, combining urban development with public art for the first time in local governments in Korea, designing streets and the city's landscape with public art, and holding public art festivals that represent regions.
Anyang Public Art Project attempted to notice the importance of the Anyang river in order to revive ecosystem in the Anyang river by applying public art with Anyang-city, citizens, Korean Federation for Environmental Movement, and non-governmental art organizations.
Although "Induckwon Project" ended as an one-off project after selected in 'Art in City' subscribed project conducted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in 2007, it made a positive contribution to expand the range of culture and welfare as public art to make a town to live together through communication with neighborhood since residents had an opportunity to participate in the project.
As the cases above, it is meaningful that Anyang-city has established the image of art city through public art and become the exemplary case that other cities benchmark the projects. Based on the results, this study suggested revitalization plans as conclusions to develop the roles of domestic public art to the realm of cultural art representing local areas.
Firstly, establishing reasonable financial plans and training planners are required in order to develop public art projects conducted by local governments stably and systematically by revising policies of public art.
Secondly, active participation in 'public art plans' is essential based on understanding and cooperation among residents, artists, and administration through cooperative systems between the government and private sector.
Thirdly, public art programs produced with local residents should be developed and active and voluntary participation in public art projects are needed.
Lastly, the promotion for establishing archive to provide cultural art education connected with local areas and schools, hold exhibitions and maintain data in order to continuously operate public art projects is required.
Considering the plans above, plans that allow public art to expand the range of 'environmental friendly public art' as a creative cultural realm that combines with the preservation of ecosystems and 'creativity' of art by infusing life into urban areas with natural environment, not focusing on physical designs are required. Therefore, local economy should be revitalized by cultural environment that adopts art as part of daily life in the relationship with a whole city and every effort should be made to continuously operate cultural city projects that create synergy effects on culture and welfare.