World economy has become globalized and the competition has harshly developed. In the domestic financial market, big change has been progressed. In the past, bank played a role of representative financial institution, but as the duty area of investmen...
World economy has become globalized and the competition has harshly developed. In the domestic financial market, big change has been progressed. In the past, bank played a role of representative financial institution, but as the duty area of investment bank has been enlarged, the center of financial activity has transferred from savings to investment. In addition, with the rapid progress of opening in the financial market and competition, financial institution fell in the situation, which cannot be survived without being equipped with large scale and specialization. Advanced financial institutions have unfolded various business activities, in which expected profitability is high, but the profitability of domestic financial institutions is still low and the business abroad is lukewarm.
"The Law on the Capital Market and Financial Investment Industry" was established and government and financial institutions are busy in preparing for the law, which is scheduled to enforce in Feb. 2009 in order to reconsider the efficiency of domestic capital market. There are 4 basic directions in the Capital Market Integration Act: first direction is to change the regulation system from the application of separate regulation to the application of same regulation in performing the same financial function according to the respective financial institution. Second direction is to allow the management combination of 6 financial investment businesses by subdividing the financial investment into securities business, asset management industry, and trust business. Third direction is to transfer the positive system, in which only investment products are dealt with, into the negative system, applying the protection of investors on all financial products and allowing the design and dealing. Last thing is the reinforcement of investor protection system up to the level of advanced nations by complementing the part, in which the protection regulation of investors, like the over the counter (OTC) derivatives dealing, is not applied.
Recently, securities companies have emphasized the nimble footed move such as the reinforcement of asset management business, M&A consultation and the reinforcement of network through the reinforcement of service towards enterprises, and the expansion of principal investment, ahead of the enforcement of capital market integration law. In addition, each securities company has tried to expand self-capital with paid-in capital increase and issuing CB to overseas investors. It is also a point of time for the domestic financial market to transfer the investment bank, around large securities companies, in accordance with the trend of management combination and large scale. Therefore, the transference into the global investment bank under the capital market integration act, is required in order to secure the competitive power of securities companies and growth. In the end, the transference into the investment bank will bring about the security of global competitive power through the profitability expansion of domestic financial industry, the diversification of the duty area in financial companies, and natural restructuring of securities industry.
Financial industry among service sector, has the big ripple effect on the overall object economy, and strategic cultivation is needed because it is the high value added service industry. Since 1997, the value added of manufacturing industry has been continually on the decrease while the value added of financial industry has been on the increase. That is, the importance of financial industry becomes large. Like this, the importance of financial industry in Korea is salient but it is state that the development of capital market is inadequate. As large equipment industry that is the driving power of national development and the weight of IT innovation industry are higher, the development of capital market, which can supply the financial form of high risk and high profit, and huge mobilization power of capital, is indispensible. However, contrary to the awareness on the importance of capital market and the desire of growth, financial market of our nation has developed as a bank centered system and it is difficult to see that the role of capital market has largely increased during the recent several years. Financial industry should be cultivated as a driving force of development along with existing traditional industry for Korea's economic takeoff. In the domestic financial industry, profitability and soundness, following the financial crisis, are largely reconsidered, but until now, it reveals vulnerability until now in many aspects. We need to establish the national status of Korea firmly as a financial hub, and the aggressive alleviation of finance relevant regulation, the cultivation of specialized manpower in the finance, the advancement of the supervision system in the finance, the reinforcement of competitive power of financial industry through self-regulating restructuring, and the amelioration of all sorts of system and life condition are needed for solidifying the financial power through the active overseas expansion of domestic financial institutions. The required success factors for the growth of domestic securities companies as a global financial institutions through the implementation into the large investment bank are the expansion of client based duty, and trust establishment, strong brand power and product development capacity, quantitative large scale of securities companies, and the security of the superior talent.
Securities design ability becomes the key factor according to the high development of capital market in the duty of investment bank. Under this circumstance, domestic securities companies need to reestablish the concept of securities with systematic infra of the cultivation of securities design ability and promote the development of new financial product in order to reinforce the function of investment bank and reconsider the international competitive power.
The future vision of the financial industry of Korea is to establish the position and identity of Korea as a financial hub of Northeast and elevate the domestic financial institution to a financial power by actively moving into the overseas expansion around the East Asia. In this point, Government should complement the system, in which domestic financial market participants are freely working by mitigating the financial regulation as a level of the advanced nation, and promoting the financial liberalization, through establishing the efficient financial Infra. The competition should be recommended within the range of not hindering the stability of financial market, and the capability of financial industry should be reinforced through self-regulating restructuring. The graduate schools of finance, and regional training institutions can be connected by network and financial industry needs to be cultivated as strategy industry by focusing on the cultivation of specialized manpower through information sharing with overseas training center in order to encourage the emergence of domestic financial institutions, which can compete with worldwide investment banks. Lastly, market participants and financial institutions should contribute to the advancement of capital market and financial development, in accordance with the purport of Capital Market Integration Act.