여성결혼이민자 현황과 사회적 지지 및 우울증에 관한 연구 : 포항시 중심으로 = Status of Female Immigrants for International marriage and a Study on Social Support and Melancholia

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With the tendency of internationalization and globalization, Korean society has recently faced social changes like sharp increase of international marriage. International marriages have increased due to various reasons such as late marriage, sex ratio imbalance, increase of Korean women’s avoidance of marriage and desire to self-realization, prevalence of international marriage brokerage and so on. As for Pohang City, marriage immigrants were 362 in 2006 and 535 in April, 2007 (Residential Status Survey for Foreigners, 2007) which have been increasing rapidly. However, political action for international marriage or support for family international marriage immigrants is limited. The purpose of this study is to implement support activities to help female immigrants for international marriage in Pohang City to settle down more stably, and provide basic materials to operate systematically. The issues of this study are as follows. First, what is the female intermarriage immigrant’s opinion of life in Korea (satisfaction, adjustment education and so on) and human rights (violence, consultation and so on)? Second, what are the level of social support network and social support level recognized by female immigrants for international marriage directly or indirectly? Third, how is the level of melancholia of female immigrants for international marriage? Fourth, what are the factors that influence melancholia of female immigrants for international marriage? The objects of this study were 185 female immigrants for international marriage who receive social adjustment education at Pohang Women’s Cultural Center, Pohang Women’s Association, and Eup·Myon Visit Education Park in Pohang City among 535 who live in Pohang City. Interviews were conducted from October 4 to October 26 and 104 questionnaires were analyzed. For the purpose of this study, frequency, crossing, correlation, descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA were analyzed. Study results were summarized as follows. First, as for population and social characteristics of study objects, percentage of women under 25 was the highest, most of them were Asians, and international marriage through brokers was the highest, 45.2%. For satisfaction of marriage, most women were satisfied with their marriage lives. In addition, in terms of household income in 2006, 1~1.5 million won was the highest, which showed that they were not in well off. Second, they were generally satisfied with Korean lives, but 30.8% of them responded that they would like to live their own country if possible. They also wanted to receive education about Korean language or food (cuisine) which is necessary for their daily lives in order to be accustomed to Korean society quickly. Fourth, 84.6 however, they didn’t specify one person among their family members. For psychological benefits, “always helpful” and “sometimes helpful” were higher than other responses. As for information such as advice and evaluation, “sometimes helpful” was the highest. Fifth, as for melancholia, “normal” or “feel light mood disorder” were more than any other responses, and “extreme melancholia” response ratio was not high. Sixth, for the melancholia and the factors that influence melancholia of female immigrants for international marriage, satisfaction of Korean lives and level of Korean language were not correlated with melancholia, however, if they were more depressed when being committed violence by their husband. On the other hand, the higher the recognition of Migrants Women Emergency Hotline (1366), Women Consultation Office for Foreigners and Rest Place, the more female immigrants were melancholy. If they wanted periodic consultation at Migrants Women Emergency Hotline (1366) or Women Consultation Office for Foreigners and Rest Place, they became depressed more seriously. As for correlation between social support and melancholia, the more they suffered from melancholia, the more they recognized that they had less social support. Based on the results of this study, following activities should be conducted to make female immigrants for international marriage settle down stably in Korea. First, Community Welfare Center or Nongovernmental Organization should provide education place to make female immigrants for international marriage speak Korean easily. In addition, their husbands should use local human resources to be supported from administrative and community welfare center to improve women’s ability to use their mother tongue. Local government should prepare programs for sharing cultures to understand different countries’ culture and induce participation of local residents. Second, there should be institutes that female intermarriage immigrants request help immediately when they are in psychological troubles. In order to prevent the female immigrants’ melancholia and make them be accustomed to Korean lives, they should be informed there are institutes to consult or be protected even if it is not an emergency. Also system should be implemented for them to state actively and use consulting center at any time. Finally, like a saying “A good neighbor is better than a relative far off,” Koreans have thought neighbors to be a kind of relatives so long. Although this meaning has weaken in modern industrialization, in order to consider female immigrants for international marriage our neighbors, not strangers, we should cast away a prejudice, learn their culture together, experience multi-culture, try to find out a way to live together and become a support network along with institute, organization and their neighbors.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 한계 = 4
• 제2장 이론적 배경 = 5
• 제1절 여성결혼이민자 현황 및 정착과정 = 5
• 제2절 여성결혼이민자의 사회적 지지 = 18
• 제3절 여성결혼이민자들의 우울증 = 24
• 제3장 조사방법 = 32
• 제1절 조사대상 = 32
• 제2절 조사도구 = 32
• 제3절 자료분석방법 = 34
• 제4장 조사결과 = 35
• 제5장 결론 및 제언 = 66
• 제1절 결론 = 66
• 제2절 제언 = 70
• 참고문헌 = 73
• 설문지 = 78
• Abstract = 92