A measure of accruals quality(AQ) proposed by Dechow and Dichev(2002; DD, hereafter) has since been widely regarded as a useful measure of earnings quality. This measure captures the degree of precision in mapping contemporaneous current accruals into...
A measure of accruals quality(AQ) proposed by Dechow and Dichev(2002; DD, hereafter) has since been widely regarded as a useful measure of earnings quality. This measure captures the degree of precision in mapping contemporaneous current accruals into both contemporaneous and leading operating cash flows while the realized value of lagged operating cash flows is controlled. Pivoted on the AQ measure of DD, Ecker et al.(2006) has even developed an e-loading, a market-based rendition of AQ. Accounting academe has exerted, however, little effort to investigate whether these AQ measures impart systematic differences in the value relevance of earnings.
This paper purports to find whether investors in Korean stock market have discerned information conveyed by earnings with differential degree of quality, proxied either by the DD's measure or by the e-loading. The analysis concentrates on the relation between the measures of AQ and the ERCs of earnings as well as its components. In addition, this study extends the analysis to examine whether the relation differs across profit firm-year's and loss firm-year's. The sample consists of 3,659 firms-year's. Firms in the sample are those listed in the Korea Stock Exchange as of the end of 2006 with sufficient data to yield AQ measures. The period covered are 1990 through 2005.
The empirical results show that the ERCs for earnings and its components of the high-grade AQ firm-year's significantly exceeded those of the low-grade's. The results also indicate that the higher the grade of AQ, the greater the ERCs for earnings and its components for the profit firm-year's. However, with differing grades of AQ, no significant changes in ERCs are registered for the loss firm-year's. These results convincingly point to an observation that investors can be able to more crisply differentiate the information contained in the earnings reports of the profit firms vis-a-vis that of the loss firms with increasingly higher grades of AQ. These results are supported by the analyses based on both the DD's measure and the e-loading, with much stronger results transpired by the former measure.
This paper further documents, consistent with extant research findings, that the measures of AQ are systematically associated with such firm characteristics like volatilities of accruals and earnings, that they are positively associated with earings persistence, and that they exercise differential degree of influence over persistence across profit firms and loss firms. Investors could also have been able to reap significant abnormal returns by implementing the hedge portfolio trading strategy based on AQ.
In sum, the results of this study provide an empirical evidence that AQ differentially strengthens the value relevance of earnings and its components in Korean stock market. This evidence, in turn, supports the argument that the AQ measure proposed by DD in particular and its variant measure, the e-loading, to some degree, can be regarded as proxies for earnings quality with economic meanings in Korea.