This study was for recognizing the relationships among successful intelligence, self-efficacy and self-directed learning competency of elementary school students. The purpose of this study was to search the relationship between successful intelligence...
This study was for recognizing the relationships among successful intelligence, self-efficacy and self-directed learning competency of elementary school students. The purpose of this study was to search the relationship between successful intelligence and self-efficacy, successful intelligence and self-directed learning competency, self-efficacy and self-directed learning competency of elementary school students. To achieve this purpose, following hypothesis was set up.
1. There may be meaningful correlation between successful intelligence and self-efficacy.
2. Children with high successful intelligence may indicate elevated self-directed learning competency.
3. Children with high self-efficacy may indicate elevated self-directed learning competency.
4. With respect to self-directed learning competency, the explanatory power of successful intelligence and self-efficacy may have differences on their extent.
To inspect above-mentioned assumptions, objects were selected total 510 who were 4th, 5th and 6th graders from I elementary school in Kim-hae, Gyeongsangnam-do. Researcher translated Sternberg's Successful Intelligence Test into Korean and Sternberg's Triarchic Research of Song Yeon-ju(2002) then adapted them for elementary school student's level, they were the tools for successful intelligence test. Self-directed learning competency were measured with questionnaire, a form of self-report that Gugliemino designed and self-efficacy were measured with general self-efficacy questionnaire of Kim Ah-young.
On this study, Pearson's regression analysis was operated to recognize the relationship between successful intelligence and self-efficacy of elementary school students. And to recognize the relationship between successful intelligence and self-directed learning competency of elementary school students, I classified children into two groups according to the average mark of each low-rank fields of successful intelligence. One is the group with high successful intelligence and the other is the group with low successful intelligence. And then I inspected the relationship to the low-rank factor of self-directed learning competency with t-test. To recognize the relationship between self-efficacy and self-directed learning competency, I classified children into two groups according to the average mark of each low-rank fields of self-efficacy. One is the group with high self-efficacy and the other is the group with low self-efficacy. And then I inspected the relationship to the low-rank factor of self-directed learning competency with t-test. And a correlation coefficient was calculated with operating Pearson's regression analysis. To recognize the extent of self-directed learning competency that was explaining successful intelligence and self-efficacy, I operated regression analysis and then compared the relative influence of successful intelligence and self-efficacy.
The results of this study were as follows. First, It was established that successful intelligence and self-efficacy of elementary school students had meaningful correlation. Second, according to high and low of successful intelligence of elementary school students, the level of self-directed learning competency had meaningful differences. And Children with high successful intelligence showed elevated self-directed learning competency. Third, the higher self-efficacy of elementary school students meant the higher self-directed learning competency. Fourth, on self-directed learning competency of elementary school students, self-efficacy has more effect than successful intelligence.
Based on above-mentioned results, follows were proposed for succeeding study.
First, objects were limited locally to a specific city. And the short-period test for one time was operated whose objects were 4th, 5th and 6th grader. Therefore, in consideration of widen scope of the age bracket, enough time for test and the application of other region, succeeding study to establish the effect of the educational utility of successful intelligence would be needed.
Second, successful intelligence test paper for measuring successful intelligence effectively was required to develop. There are a few successful intelligence tests for effective measurement of successful intelligence of students with the Sternberg's Triarchic Research of Song Yeon-ju(2002) designed for high school students. Especially, there are few successful intelligence tests for elementary school students. Therefore, if successful intelligence test is designed in consideration of characteristic of elementary school students, effective inspections of successful intelligence, self-efficacy and self-directed learning competency will be operated.
Third, Sternberg and Williams(1996) claimed that to improve one's originality, positive and powerful self-efficacy should be raised. According to the claim, it was suggested that there was close correlation between self-efficacy and originality. The originality is one of the analytic, creative, practical intelligence. Lee Young-man and Bae Jin-soo divided the level of self-efficacy into upper group and lower group. As a result of t-test between very two groups, the group with high self-efficacy had elevated originality. However, because of low correlation coefficient on this study, detailed succeeding study about the relationship between successful intelligent and selt-efficacy would be needed.