When problems occur during an interaction between a second language learner and a native speaker, a negotiation of meaning happens. The feedback given by the native speaker during this process makes the learner focus on the gap between the input and t...
When problems occur during an interaction between a second language learner and a native speaker, a negotiation of meaning happens. The feedback given by the native speaker during this process makes the learner focus on the gap between the input and the output. This is an exercise which helps the learner to improve his second language proficiency.
The purpose of the present study is to assess how recast, a type of corrective feedback, relates to Korean learners' morphological development. It also aims at investigating the relation between the immediate uptake shown by the learners and their second language morphological development.
Korean learners who completed a curriculum of 400 hours participated in this study to find answers to the questions mentioned above. The effects of recast on target language forms were examined during the experiment where task-based interactions were set.
In the first chapter, the need and the purpose of the study are explained. Although recast is one of the most frequently used types of feedback in and out communicative language teaching classrooms, results of previous studies are contentious and in the field of Korean Teaching experimental studies are insufficient. We point out these facts before introducing the need and the purpose of the study.
In the second chapter, previous studies which are the theoretical background of the study are presented. First, we examine studies related to the effects of corrective feedback. Then, we focus on studies related to implicit corrective feedback, especially on empirical studies about recast. This operation enables us to support the research questions and hypothesis of the present study.
In the third chapter, we describe the research design, the participants’ background, the research procedure, the research materials, and the data analysis method of the present study.
The fourth chapter is about the results found through the experiment. First, the post-test scores and the pre-test/post-test gain scores of the treatment group, where recast was given by native speakers appeared to be significantly higher than those of the control group. Therefore we can assert that the recast given by Korean native speakers has a positive effect on the morphological development of Korean learners during the oral test. On the other hand, the recast given by native speakers during the grammar test revealed no significant differences within groups and between groups. It can be explained by the fact that the grammar test has less connection with the test treatment than the oral test. Secondly, one of the most frequent types of immediate uptake shown by the students' following the recast in the grammar test appeared to be agreement. A lot of students also paid no attention to feedback and just continued the conversation instead of correcting it. However, in the oral test, students responded in a better way to the recast given by native speakers. In other words, the immediate uptake shown by the students is not directly connected with their second language acquisition.
Finally, in the fifth chapter, we present the conclusion and the limitations of the present study, and we also give some suggestions for further studies.
Our purpose was to examine in an empirical way recast affects Korean learners in communicative language teaching classrooms, without interrupting the conversation in progress. We also tried to clarify the relation that exists between the immediate uptake shown by the learners and their language forms acquisition. More studies on the effect of feedback in Korean education are needed through various methods.